Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen, and its toxic mechanism is not fully illustrated. In this, we study the role of galectin-1 in arsenite-induced toxicity. Though galectin-1 plays important role in cell proliferation, cell-matrix interaction and apoptosis, the association of galectin-1 with sodium arsenite has never been reported. Our present result showed that the expression of galectin-1 was dose- and time-dependently inhibited by sodium arsenite treatment in CHOA (Chinese hamster ovary cells) and SA7N cells (a revertant of SA7 cells cultured in arsenite-free medium) as indicated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The protein level of galectin-1 was also inhibited by sodium arsenite treatment in KB and 3T3 cell. The galectin-1-transfected KB and 3T3 cells showed more sensitive to arsenite treatment. The current results also suggest that sodium arsenite could bind directly to galectin-1 by in vitro and in vivo binding assay. Arsenite has been proposed with high affinity for sulfhydryl groups of protein. Site-directed mutagesis in cysteine residues of galectin-1 are currectly underway to further idently the binding site of galectin-1 with arsenite.

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