本研究使用一步驟溶劑工程(one-step anti-solvent engineering)法製備鈣鈦礦膜的製程，測試本實驗室所合成的12個新有機電洞傳遞層
材料的效能，並與使用PEDOT:PSS為電洞傳輸材料及沒有使用電洞傳
遞層所組裝的元件之效率做比較，以篩選出具潛力之新結構有機電洞
傳輸材料。實驗結果顯示以(Z)-2-cyano-3-(-4 (diphenylamino)phenyl) acrylic acid (1DA) 為電洞傳輸材料所組裝的反式元件效率最高，搭配主動層MAPbI3所組裝的元件效率為12.03%。另外以4,4',4'',4'''- (spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene]-2,2',7,7'-tetrayl)tetrakis(N,N-di-p-tolylaniline) (HTL-2)及3-(5-(4 (diphenylamino)
phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP-TPA)為電洞傳輸材料所組裝的元件，效率分別為10.02%及8.40%，皆比沒有使用電洞傳遞層的元件之效率(5.34%)高，但卻比使用PEDOT:PSS之電池元件效率(12.59%)低。從能階分布圖來看，HTL-2、1DA及DPP-TPA的HOMO能階與MAPbI3的HOMO能階可以匹配、LUMO能階能有效阻擋電子往ITO移動，降低電荷再結合機會，是具有潛力的電洞傳輸材料。從SEM圖發現沉積在PEDOT:PSS上的鈣鈦礦顆粒間排列緻密，但沉積在HTL-2與1DA的鈣鈦礦膜，顆粒間有小缺陷，可能是因PEDOT:PSS比三種新有機材料親水性高，因此沉積其上MAPbI3的品質較好。另外HTL-2、1DA及DPP-TPA皆溶於GBL與DMSO (MAPbI3起始溶液所使用之溶劑)，在沉積MAPbI3膜時，可能破壞下層的電洞傳遞層膜，材料的溶解特性也是尋找新反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池用的電洞傳輸材料所需考慮的因素。

In this study, we use one-step anti -solvent engineering method to prepare perovskite films, to test the performance of 12 new p-type organic materials synthesized in our laboratory. Inverted perovskite solar
cells (PSC) with PEDOT：PSS as a hole transporter or without hole transporting layer were also fabricated for the comparison. The results show that inverted PSC based on (Z) -2-cyano-3- (4- (diphenylamino)phenyl) acrylic acid (1DA) achieves the power conversion efficiency
(PCE) of 12.03%. The PCEs of the cells based on 4,4',4'',4'''-(spiro[fluorine-9,9'-xanthene]-2,2',7,7'-tetrayl)tetrakis(N,N-di-p-tolylanili
ne) (HTL-2) and 3-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione(DPP-TPA) are 10.02% and 8.40%, respectively. The power conversion
efficiency of the cells with no hole transporter and PEDOT：PSS transporter are 5.34% and 12.59%,respectively. The HOMO levels of HTL-2, 1DA and DPP-TPA can match the HOMO level of MAPbI3, and the LUMO can effectively block the electron transfer from the perovskite layer to the ITO electrode, reduce the charge recombination. SEM images of the perovskite film reveal that better quality film was deposited on more hydrophilic PEDOT：PSS surface. Furthermor the solvents (DMF, DMSO, GBL) of the perovskite precursor solution may damage the hole transporting layer underneath, decreasing the efficiency. Therefore the solubility of the hole transporter is something need to be seriously concerned when design new hole transporting materials.

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