利用目標建構軟體架構｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	徐國勛 Kuo-Hsun Hsu
論文名稱：	利用目標建構軟體架構 Modeling Software Architecture with Goals
指導教授：	李允中 Jonathan Lee
口試委員:
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 資訊工程學系 Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering
畢業學年度：	91
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	146
中文關鍵詞：	目標、使用案例、軟體架構、觀點
外文關鍵詞：	software architecture, aspect, goal, use cases
相關次數：	點閱：16 下載：0
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近來，結合目標導向及使用者中心之軟體方法在軟體工程領域引起了相當大的影響。然而，在應用軟體需求資訊來達成建立軟體架構的研究中，並沒有太多的方法可以透過一個比較有系統的方式來達成這個目的。同時，利用觀點導向方法於處理系統特性上，如重複出現的特性及重要的使用者及開發者考量，也漸漸成為研究的焦點，尤其是在設計與實作的階段。
為了進一步探討目標、觀點、劇本及軟體架構之間的關係，本研究提出了一個觀點強化目標導向方法，以漸進式的方式，來分析及建構軟體架構。透過目標的使用，功能性需求及非功能性需求能夠較容易的透過轉換反映在軟體架構上；而藉由引進觀點，這個以目標為導向的方法更可以進一步的強化其於品質屬性上的處理。
為了達成上述的目的，本研究提出一套目標導向方法以漸進式的方式建構軟體架構，並透過目標及觀點來擷取、分析並管理使用者的不明確、明確需求及品質屬性間的衝突關係。本研究包含以下的功能：
* 利用目標結構的方式來幫助找出各種不同型態的使用者目標；
* 透過目標建立使用者案例；
* 利用使用案例與目標之間的關係分析目標與觀點間的關係；
* 透過目標間的互動關係建立穩定核心；
* 透過穩定核心及目標階層以漸進式的方式建構軟體架構；
* 透過衝突分析的原因解決需求間於軟體架構上之衝突；
* 透過編織將觀點融入軟體架構以表現品質屬性；
* 利用不同型態之實現評估軟體架構。

Recently, the coupling of goal-based and user-centered approaches have resulted in a tremendous impact on the researches of software engineering. However, there is little support in the extant approach to handling the effects of requirements on the structuring of software architectures in a systematic way. Meanwhile, the aspect-oriented approaches have received increasing attention on handling system properties especially in the design and implementation phases to address recurring properties and important stakeholders'' concerns. As an attempt towards the investigation of the interactions among goals, aspects, scenarios, and software architectures, we proposed, in this research, an aspect-enhanced goal-driven approach to analyzing and constructing software architecture in an incremental manner with goals and aspects. The use of goals makes easy the transformation of functional and non-functional requirements into the software architectures. By introducing aspects, the goal-driven approach can be further enhanced to address the quality attributes that are difficult to capture in the modeling of software architecture. The proposed approach is illustrated using the problem domain of virtual university environment and meeting scheduler system.

ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
DEDICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
CHAPTER
I INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I.A Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I.B Organization of the Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
II REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
II.A Related Literature to Trade-O_ Analysis Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
II.B Related Literature to Goal-Based Requirement Engineering Approaches 13
II.C Related Literature to Architecture Description Notations . . . . . . . . 14
II.D Related Literature to Aspect-Oriented Programming . . . . . . . . . . 19
II.E Related Literature to Aspect-Oriented Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
II.F Comparison of Aspect-Oriented Programming and Design . . . . . . . 25
III GOAL STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
III.A Goals Identi_cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
III.B Goals Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
III.C Aspects Identi_cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
III.D Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
IV GOALS INTERACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
IV.A Goals and Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
IV.B Goals Interaction and Stable Kernel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
IV.C Join Points of the Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
IV.D Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
V ARCHITECTURE MODELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
V.A Root of Conicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
V.B Conicts Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
V.C Construction of Software Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
V.D Aspect Weaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
vi
V.E Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VI ARCHITECTURE EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
VI.A Architecture Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
VI.B Architecture Veri_cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
VI.C Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
VII CASE STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
VII.A Meeting Scheduler System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
VII.B Virtual National Central University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
VIII CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
VIII.A Compliance Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
VIII.B A Summary of the Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
VIII.C Future Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
APPENDIX
A REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT OF VIRTUAL NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
B GOAL-DRIVEN USE CASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
C BUILDING SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE IN AN INCREMENTAL MANNER109
D BUILDING SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR MEETING SCHEDULER
SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
E PRODUCTION RULES OF THE MEETING SCHEDULER SYSTEM . . . . 120
E.A Production Rules of the Meeting Scheduler System Architecture . . . . 120
E.B Veri_cation of the Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
VITA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

                                

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