IEEE 802.16系統之通道估測及等化器設計與實現｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	許正德 Jeng-De Hsu
論文名稱：	IEEE 802.16系統之通道估測及等化器設計與實現 Design and Implementation of Channel Estimation and Equalization for IEEE 802.16 Receivers
指導教授：	陳永芳 Yung-Fang Chen
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系在職專班 Executive Master of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度：	95
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	60
中文關鍵詞：	通道估測、通道等化、IEEE 802.16 、正交分頻多工
外文關鍵詞：	Channel Estimation, Equalization, OFDM, IEEE 802.16
相關次數：	點閱：17 下載：0
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本論文是對IEEE 802.16標準之正交分頻多工(OFDM)工作模式，在通道估測及等化器做一探討。OFDM系統具有抵抗多重路徑干擾及頻譜使用效率高等優異特性，其中抵抗多重路徑干擾是藉由CP及多載波之特性以達到免除ISI及ICI，而頻譜使用效率高則是運用多載波正交特性達到的。在循環字首的保護下，多路徑通道對各載波的影響在於其振幅與相位的失真，因此在個子載波之通道等化只需一個複數係數(One-tap)以修正其失真，而其成功要件則在於各子載波之通道頻率響應估測。
本研究以實現複雜度許可之前提下，針對IEEE 802.16系統進行穩定通道之通道估測及等化演算法的模擬與設計實現。其中模擬實現結果亦有助於了解OFDM 傳收系統規格，如頻段、頻寬、子載波頻率間隔等與通道狀況對接收性能的影響。接收端利用最小平方估測法及內插運算求出每一個子載波通道頻率響應，正確的還原訊號。並以Verilog 語言撰寫所設計之系統，搭配Modelsim軟體進行模組驗證。

This thesis investigates on channel estimation and equalization in the Orthogonal Frequency division Multiple (OFDM) mode of the IEEE 802.16 standard. OFDM systems exhibit superior characteristics with simplicity in combating multi-path transmission and have efficiency in spectral utilization. The effects of ICI and ISI arise from the multi-path interference could be successfully eliminated by the insertion of cyclic-prefix. Furthermore, the advantage of spectral efficiency is achieved by the orthogonal property. Under the protection of cyclic-prefix, multi-path effect causes distortion of amplitude and phase only. In accordance with the exact channel estimation among sub-carriers, the distortion could be compensated by one-tap complex coefficients.
With the consideration of hardware implementation, the algorithms of the channel estimation and equalization are investigated and simulated for static channels for IEEE 802.16 systems. Moreover, the dependence of the receiving performance upon relationships between channel conditions and system specifications, e.g. transmission band, bandwidth, sub-carrier spacing, etc. would be clarified from simulation results. In the receiver, channel frequency response is obtained by utilizing a least square method, and we use an interpolation method to get channel frequency response of subchannels. We implement the schemes with the Verilog language and verify the function of modules with the ModelSim software.

中文摘要	i
英文摘要	ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章　緒論 1
1-1　前言 1
1-2　研究動機 1
1-3　研究方向與目的 1
1-4　章節概要 4
第二章　IEEE 802.16通訊系統架構 6
2-1　OFDM原理介紹 6
2-1-1　單載波與多載波架構 7
2-1-2　OFDM調變原理 8
2-1-3　防護區間功能 12
2-1-4　OFDM系統模型 14
2-2　IEEE 802.16標準與系統架構 15
2-2-1　IEEE 802.16系列標準 15
2-2-2　IEEE 802.16系統規格與架構 17
第三章  通道模型與通道估測 24
3-1　通道模型 24
3-2　通道估測方法 25
3-2-1　領航訊號估測法 25
3-2-2　最小平方誤差法 27
3-3　內插函數技術 32
3-3-1　線性內插 32
3-3-2　二階內插 33
第四章　電腦模擬與結果分析	35
4-1　通道模型參數 35
4-2　模擬系統之模型 37
4-3　浮點數演算法模擬 39
4-4　定點數演算法模擬 46
第五章　硬體描述語言實現 50
5-1　線性內插器設計 50
5-2　頻率等化器設計 50
5-2-1　複數乘法器 51
5-2-2　CORDIC除法器 53
第六章　結論與未來研究方向 58
參考文獻	59

                                

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