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研究生： 彭新勝
Hsin-Sheng Peng
論文名稱： 車輛底盤懸吊與傳動軸整體構件最佳化之振動分析
指導教授： 王有任
Yu-Zane Wang
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
畢業學年度： 88
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 181
中文關鍵詞： 底盤懸吊系統 、傳動軸 、最佳化設計
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    • 本研究的主旨在於探討模擬車輛模組懸吊系統避震器阻尼特性之最佳化設計，以使車輛模組在兼顧操控性與行車安全的要求下，且能達到駕駛與乘座者最舒適的境界。
    本文所考慮的駕駛狀況有凸起路況及普通路面、惡劣路面，而分別以二維左右對稱及三維獨立四輪懸吊與中央傳動軸之模擬車輛模組來建構，並以數值的方法來探討懸吊系統避震器阻尼對於車輛模組動態反應之影響，再以車體垂直加速度為目標函數、車輪動態負荷比與車體俯仰角位移為限制函數，進行整體車輛模組構件之最佳化分析; 以求得於上述駕駛狀況下，可使車輛最具舒適性與操控性且確保行車安全之懸吊系統避震器阻尼參數值。
    由前述駕駛狀況所求得最佳懸吊避震器阻尼之參數，可依避震器活塞衝程的大小，而將阻尼特性曲線分成兩組：一組以操控性與駕馭為設計要求，適用於惡劣路面等駕駛狀況；另一組則以舒適性為設計訴求，適用於普通路面與凸起路況等駕駛狀況。
    車輛懸吊系統避震器阻尼於最佳化設計後，其於普通路面、惡劣路面與凸起路況等駕駛狀況下，車輛模組之舒適性可達滿意的結果。

    摘要……………………………………………………………………i 目錄……………………………………………………………………ii 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………v 表目錄…………………………………………………………………x 符號說明………………………………………………………………xi 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………...…1 § 1-1 前言………………………………………...……..……….1 § 1-2 問題探討……………………………………...…..……….2 § 1-3 文獻回顧…………………………………….…………….3 § 1-4 目的與架構………………………………….……....…….5 第二章 系統模組之建立與運動方程式的推導.……………..6 § 2-1 系統模組的建立…………..……………..….…………...6 2-1.1 車體…………………………………….……………..7 2-1.2 引擎與變數箱………………………….……………..8 2-1.3 車輪與底盤懸吊系統………………….……………..9 2-1.4 緩衝橡皮櫬套………………………………………..11 2-1.5 傳動系統……………………………………………..12 § 2-2 理論說明……………………………………..………..….14 § 2-3 系統運動方程式的推導……………………..……..…….22 2-3.1 二維模擬車輛模組運動方程式……………………..22 2-3.2 三維模擬車輛模組運動方程式……………………..29 § 2-4 共振頻率與特徵值分析……………..……………..…….37 第三章系統模組數學式的推導與路況輸入………………..41 § 3-1 數學模式的推導…………………………..……..……….42 § 3-2 隨機路況輸入下系統之振動響應…………..…..……….44 3-2.1 隨機路況的頻域模擬………………………………..44 3-2.2 隨機路況的時域模擬………………………………..53 3-2.3 隨機路況車輛系統的振動輸出……………………..55 § 3-3 凸起路況的模擬………………..…………..…………….60 第四章 最佳化之設計………..……………….…………………62 § 4-1 簡介…………………………………………....………….63 § 4-2 最佳化方法─羅森布洛克程序……………..…..……….65 § 4-3 目標函數與限制條件………………………..……...……..71 第五章 車輛模組最佳化之動態分析與討論………...……......78 § 5-1 車輛模組於隨機不平路況下之懸吊避震器阻尼分析…...79 § 5-2 車輛模組於凸起路況下之懸吊系統避震器阻尼分析…...86 § 5-3 車輛懸吊系統避震器阻尼最佳化特性曲線之設計分析...88 § 5-4 車輛懸吊系統避震器阻尼最佳化前後結果比較…...……89 第六章 結論與建議..……………………………….………………93 參考文獻………………………………………………………….…….96 附錄A…………………………………………………………….…….99 附錄B………………………………………………………………….110 圖例…………………………………………………………………....130 附表…………………………………………..………………………..175

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