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研究生： 楊永光
Yung-Kuang Yang
論文名稱： 圓錐-圓柱環面液壓軸承數值模擬與應用設計之研究
指導教授： 鄭銘章
口試委員:
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
畢業學年度： 90
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 141
中文關鍵詞： 能量方程式 、熱效應 、壓力分佈 、無因次化
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    • 由於液壓軸承具有低摩阻、快反應、高精度和穩定性的特點，所以本文研討對象為圓錐環面形狀結構的液壓軸承，它是平面滑動軸承(Slider Bearing)與軸頸軸承(Journal Bearing)的組合；分析內容為潤滑油流體的黏度在等黏性和受到熱效應影響時，並且考慮活塞桿的偏心率和不對稱因子之效應，應用數值運算分析討論軸承性能參數之變化。在等黏性的分析發現，當軸承厚度肩長比為0.8時，具有最大的正向負荷承載能力，和偏心率與不對稱因子的效應兩者同時存在時，正向負荷承載能力就會降低。熱效應的分析則獲得了活塞桿速度小於 時，以及圓周方向的油膜流速對軸承性能參數之影響是非常有限(小於2 %)。最後並將這種液壓軸承之原理應用於油壓缸結構的設計，經由實驗量測驗證了液壓軸承的油壓缸結構比低摩阻油封的油壓缸結構，具有低的摩擦阻力和快的運動速度。

    摘要………………………………………………………………………I 誌謝………………………………………………………………………II 總目錄…………………………………………………………………III 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………VI 表目錄…………………………………………………………………XIV 符號說明………………………………………………………………XV 第一章緒論……………………………………………………………1 1.1 簡介……………………………………………………………1 1.2 文獻回顧………………………………………………………5 第二章理論說明………………………………………………………10 2.1 圓錐液壓軸承的結構…………………………………………10 2.1.1 單圓錐-圓柱環面軸承之幾何形狀……………………12 2.1.2 雙圓錐-圓柱環面軸承之幾何形狀……………………13 2.2 等黏性情況的構成方程式…………………………………14 2.2.1 雷諾方程式………………………………………………15 2.2.2 簡化雷諾方程式…………………………………………21 2.2.3 壓力邊界條件……………………………………………21 2.3 熱(溫度)效應情況…………………………………………23 2.3.1 流速方程式………………………………………………23 2.3.2 油膜的能量方程式………………………………………24 2.3.3 軸承的能量方程式………………………………………25 2.3.4 油膜的黏度-溫度之關係………………………………25 2.4 二維能量方程式情況…………………………………………26 2.5 計算軸承性能參數…………………………………………28 2.5.1 正向負荷承載能力………………………………………28 2.5.2 摩擦係數…………………………………………………28 2.5.3 容積流率…………………………………………………29 2.6 無因次化分析…………………………………………………30 2.6.1 油膜厚度之幾何形狀……………………………………30 2.6.2 等黏性情況………………………………………………31 2.6.3 熱效應情況………………………………………………32 2.6.4 二維能量方程式情況……………………………………35 2.6.5 軸承性能參數……………………………………………35 第三章數值解法………………………………………………………37 3.1 雷諾方程式的差分格式………………………………………37 3.2 邊界條件的處理………………………………………………41 3.3 疊代過程………………………………………………………43 3.4 連續鬆弛(SOR)解法…………………………………………44 3.5 演算法…………………………………………………………46 3.6 演算法的穩定性與收斂性……………………………………47 3.7 熱效應方程式的差分格式……………………………………48 第四章計算分析結果與討論…………………………………………50 4.1 等黏性情況……………………………………………………50 4.2 熱效應情況……………………………………………………55 4.3 二維與三維能量方程式情況…………………………………61 4.4 等黏性和二維與三維能量方程式熱效應等情況之比較……68 第五章設計製造與實驗………………………………………………71 5.1 設計參數值……………………………………………………71 5.2 設計機件加工圖面……………………………………………72 5.3 實驗量測與結果………………………………………………72 5.3.1 實驗量測儀器之功能說明………………………………73 5.3.2 實驗量測之結果…………………………………………74 第六章結論……………………………………………………………77 第七章未來的研究方向………………………………………………79 參考文獻………………………………………………………………136 附件一：三年內參考著作……………………………………………139 附件二：學經歷………………………………………………………141

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