隧道工程在進行開挖時，對於路面交通的影響頗大，因此在開挖時，若採用潛盾工法將會減少對路面交通之影響。本研究使用有限元素法，針對潛盾隧道開挖，所造成之地表沉陷進行分析。本文分別對於單隧道與雙隧道進行探討；單隧道是採三向度的分析，分析內容為潛盾開挖對地表沉陷之影響，並就其深徑比（C/D）、未襯砌長度、與隧道直徑比（P/D）等參數之影響進行研究；而雙隧道方面則是採二向度平面應變分析，觀察雙隧道中之新挖隧道，在盾尾間隙閉合時，所造成地表沉陷的影響。
本研究之分析係以ABAQUS有限元素分析程式作為數值計算工具。並將數值分析結果與離心試驗結果比較，藉由對照離心試驗以驗證數值分析模型的正確性。

Tunneling affects the traffic over the ground significantly .In order to reduce the influence under construction of tunneling , we can used shield machine tunneling method comprehensively . In this study , finite element method is applied to analyze the influence on surface settlement caused by shield tunneling in soft clay. In this research , we study single and dual tunneling problems separately .Under three-dimension condition , single tunneling problems investigate the effect of surface settlement due to shield tunneling , (C/D) ratio ,and (P/D) ratio . Under two-dimension condition , dual tunneling problem investigate the effect of surface settlement due to shield tunneling ,and (C/D) ratio .
The numerical results using code ABAQUS were compared with the results from centrifuge model tests.

參考文獻
【1】Peck,R.B,“Deep Excavation and Tunneling in Soft
Ground”,State of Art,Proc.7th Int.Conf.on Soil
Mech.Found.Eng.,State of Art volume,pp.255~290（1969）.
【2】Cording,E.J. and Hansmire,W.H., “Displacement Around
Soft Ground Tunnels”,Proc.6th Panamerican Conf. on Soil Mech. And Found.Eng.,Buenon Aires,pp.571~633(1975) .
【3】Clough,G.W. and Schmidt,B.,“Design and Performance of Excavations and Tunnels in Soft Clay”,in Soft Clay Engineering, edited by Brand,E.W. and Brenner,R.P.,pp.
600~634(1981) .
【4】Fang,Y.S.,Pan,M.D. and Lin,G.J.,”Time and Settlement in EPB Shield Tunneling”,Tunnels and Tunneling,pp.
27~28(1993) .
【5】Butler,R.A and Hampton,D.,”Subsidence over Soft Ground Tunnel”, ASCE,J. Geotechnical Engineering Division,Vol.101,No.GT1,pp.35~49(1975) .
【6】Hansmire,W.H. and Cording,E.J. ,discussion of
“Subsidence over Soft Ground Tunnel,by Roger A.Butler and Delon Hampton, ASCE, J.Geotechnical Engineering
Division,Vol.102,No.GT3,pp.259~261 (1976) .
【7】Hansmire,W.H. and Cording,E.J.,”Soil Tunnel Test
Section Case History Summary”, ASCE ,J.Geotechnical
Engineering,Vol.111,No.11,pp.1301~1320 (1985) .
【8】Perez,S.A.,”Experience gained through tunnel instrumentation” , Proc.10th Int.Conf. on Soil Mech. And Found. Eng.,pp.345~352 (1981) .
【9】Ou,C.Y.and Cherng,J.c.,“Effect of tail void clousure
on Ground Movement During Shield Tunneling in Sandy
Soil”, Journal of Asian Geotechnical Society ,
Geotechical Engineering, Vol.26,No.1,pp.17~32 (1995) .
【10】Hisatake,T. and Ito,T.,”Estimation method of ground
surface subsidence due to parallel shields tunneling
and its application to practical problems”, ( In
Japanese). Proceeding of the Japanese Society of Civil
Engineers,No.332,pp.75~83 (1983) .
【11】Finno,R.J. and Clough,G.W.,”Evaluation of Soil
Response to EPB Shield Tunneling”,ASCE,
J.Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.111,No.2,pp.155~1
73 (1985) .
【12】Sloan,S.W. and Assadi,A., ”Undrained stability of a
plane strain heading “Can.Geotech.J., Vol.31,pp.443~
450 (1994) .
【13】Aoki,T., and Jang,H.K.,”Determination of Plastic
Regions Around Underground Openings by a Coupled
Boundary Element-Characteristic Method”,International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in
Geomechanics, Vol.16,pp.701~716 (1992) .
【14】E.Detournay and C.Fairhurst, ”Two - dimensional
Elastoplastic Analysis of a Long,Cylindrical Cavity
Under Non-Hydrostatic Loading”,Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.
Sci.and Geomech.Abstr.,Vol.24,No.4,pp.197~211,(1978).
【15】方永壽 ，「台北市潛盾機隧道施工對地盤沈陷之影響」，國立
交通大學土木系，國科會專題研究報告，新竹 (1990)。
【16】鄭建志，「軟地通隧引致地盤沈陷之有限元素分析」，碩士論文，
國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢 (1999)。
【17】林建良，「潛盾隧道周圍土壓力之分布」，碩士論文，國立中央
大學土木工程研究所，中壢 (1999)。
【18】吳淑媛，「軟土隧道襯砌應力與地盤變位之數值分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢 (2001)。
【19】彭德俊，「黏土層中併行潛盾隧道互制現象之有限元素分析」，
碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢 (2000)。
【20】陳翰平，「潛盾隧道開挖沈陷之有限元素分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢 (2001)。
【21】Yoshimura,H.,Miyabe,K. and Tohda,J.,”Response of a
Tunnel Lining due to an Adjacent Twin Shield
Tunneling”,Centrifuge 94,pp.693~698 (1994) .
【22】Atkinson,J.H. and Potts,D.M.,”Subsidence Above Shallow
Tunnels in Soft Ground”,ASCE,Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.103.No.GT4,pp.307~325 (1977) .
【23】Adachi,T.,Kimura,M.and Osada,H.,”Interaction Between
Multi-Tunnels Under Construction”, Eleventh Southest Asian Geotechnical Conference,Singapore,pp.51~60
(1993) .
【24】Nomoto,T., Mito,K.,Imamura,S., Ueno,K. and Kusakabe
,O., ” A Miniature Shield Tunneling Machine for a
Centrifuge”Centrifuge 94,pp.699~704 (1994) .
【25】李崇正，「軟地通隧引致之地盤沈陷受鄰近建物基礎影響研究-第四年」，國科會中央大學土木系，國科會專題研究報告，中壢 (1996) 。
【26】李崇正「黏土層中併行潛盾隧道之互制現象研究(1)」，國科會專題研究報告，中壢 (1998) 。
【27】林智文，「潛盾隧道開挖面穩定分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢(2000)。
【28】吳建儒，「潛盾隧道開挖面穩定與周圍土壓力之離心模擬」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，中壢(2001)。