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研究生: 宋文財
Wen-Chai Song
論文名稱: 在虛擬環境中發展一整合式電腦繪圖系統- Case Study of Bezier, B-Spline and NURBS Algorithms
Integrated Computer Graphics System in Virtual Environment-Case Study of Bézier, B-Spline and NURBS Algorithms
指導教授: 歐石鏡
Shin-Ching Ou
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 資訊電機學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
畢業學年度: 88
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 82
中文關鍵詞: OpenGL虛擬實境NURBSCAD/CAM電腦輔助教學曲線曲面Web-Based
外文關鍵詞: OpenGL, VRML, NURBS, CAD/CAM, CAI, Curives, Surfaces, Web-Based
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  • 最近幾年由於網際網路與電腦技術快速的發展,使得更激起一些較容易獲取及負擔得起的電腦輔助設計解決方法,以便於運用在辦公室、教室及家裡。在今天,由於快速、及時的網路環境被逐漸的發展,以致於傳統的工作模式正被挑戰著。
    本研究的目的在運用網路技術來發展一套以Web 為基礎的網路互動式繪圖系統,有一些重要的議題將在本論文中被討論。我們將發展一個整合式電腦繪圖系統,並探討其相關的議題。
    在本篇論文中,我們藉由Bézier, B-Spline 及NURBS演算法之個案研究,並且結合電腦輔助設計(CAD)與Web 之技術來發展一互動式電腦繪圖系統。這個研究的目的是為增進使用者透過網路在學習與設計CAD之效率與能力。另外,亦有其他的好處是由於網路瀏覽器是網際網路與區域網路共同的作業平台,因此本系統可發展為攜帶式及可隨時下載使用的界面,非常方便,並且只要具備有瀏覽器的電腦即可執行。事實上,本系統還能將所繪製的圖形存檔,互相傳遞,達成資源共享的功效。



    The rapid growth of the Internet and computer technology in recent years has sparked a demand for easily accessible and affordable design solutions in corporate offices, classrooms, and homes. Traditional design models being challenged by the fast-paced, real-time environments available today.
    The purpose of this thesis is to apply network technology to the design of Web-based graphics systems for user. Several issues will be addressed in this paper such as the development of an Integrated Interactive Graphics System (IIGS) for a better design environment.
    In this thesis, we attempted to develop a web-based computer graphics system by Bézier, B-spline and NURBS algorithms. The purpose of the research was to increase the effect of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) in network .The other advantages is that network browser is the common platform in internet and intranet, the graphics system can be portable cross different operating system, as like windows 95,linux. In fact, the graphics system was an attempt to be shared the resource each other.

    Contents Acknowledgments Abstract (in Chinese) Abstract (in English) List of figures Chapter 1 Introduction1 1.1Motivation1 1.2Develop the Environment1 1.3Technology of the Internet2 1.4Sculpture Curves and Surfaces3 1.5Virtual Reality Technology4 1.6Organization of the Thesis5 Chapter 2 Complex Curves and Surfaces6 2.1 Introduction6 2.1.1 WebDeGrator (Web Design Graphics)6 2.2 Curves Modeling7 2.3 Bézier Curves9 2.3.1 Definition9 2.3.2 Moving Control Points12 2.3.3 Degree Elevation of a Bézier Curve13 2.4 B-spline Curves14 2.4.1 Introduction14 2.4.2 B-spline Basis Functions16 2.4.2.1 Definition16 2.4.3 Important Properties18 2.4.4 The Advantage of Using B-spline Curves19 3.4.5 Moving Control Points20 2.5 NURBS Curves20 2.5.1 Introduction20 2.5.2 Definition 21 2.5.2.1 Two Immediate Results23 2.5.2.2 A Geometric Interpretation23 2.5.3 Important Properties24 2.5.3.1 Important Properties of NURBS Basis Functions24 2.5.3.2 Important Properties of NURBS Curves25 2.6 Modifying Weights27 2.7 Surfaces Modeling30 2.8 Surfaces Basic Concepts31 2.8.1 Parametric Surfaces32 2.9 Bézier Surfaces: Construction34 2.9.1 Basis Functions35 2.10 Bézier Surfaces: Important Properties35 2.11 B-spline Surfaces36 2.11.1 Construction36 2.11.2 Basis Functions37 2.11.3 B-spline Surfaces: Important Properties38 2.12 NURBS Surfaces40 Chapter 3 Web-based and Virtual Reality on Internet41 3.1 Internet and Intranet41 3.2 Virtual Reality Systems45 3.2.1 Immersive VR45 3.2.2 Desktop VR46 3.3 Virtual Training Environments47 3.4 VR as a Training Tool48 Chapter 4 Web-Based Programming and System Architecture49 4.1 Introduction to VRML49 4.1.1 History of VRML49 4.1.2 The Requirements for VRML 249 4.2 The benefits of the NURBS in VRML50 4.3 Web Development Tools50 4.4 Using OpenGL to Create 2D and 3D Graphics53 4.4.1 Brief Overview of OpenGL53 4.4.2 Detailed Description of OpenGL54 4.4.3 Immediate and Display List Execution54 4.4.4 Availability and Setup57 4.5 System Architecture57 4.5.1 System Operating Process57 4.5.2 System Graphics Algorithms Framework59 4.5.3 Algorithms Flow Chart59 4.5.3.1 Bézier Curves Algorithms60 4.5.3.2 B-spline Curves Algorithms61 4.5.3.3 NURBS Curves Algorithms62 4.5.3.4 Bézier Surfaces Algorithms63 4.5.3.5 B-spline Surfaces Algorithms64 4.5.3.6 NURBS Surfaces Algorithms65 Chapter 5 Result Discussion, Conclusions and Future Work66 5.1. The Integrated graphics Learning real-time system66 5.2 Drawing B-spline curves67 5.3 Drawing NURBS curves68 5.4 Drawing NURBS Surfaces70 5.5 Convert the curves and surfaces into VRML type file74 5.6 Conclusions and Future Work77 Bibliography79

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