從精實生產到工業4.0：台灣地區中小企業的實證研究

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研究生：	蔡薈芳 Hui-Fang Tsai
論文名稱：	從精實生產到工業4.0：台灣地區中小企業的實證研究 From Lean to Industry 4.0: An Empirical Study of SMEs in Taiwan
指導教授：	呂俊德 Jun-Der Leu
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	管理學院 - 企業管理學系 Department of Business Administration
論文出版年：	2021
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	68
中文關鍵詞：	精實、工業4.0 、營運績效、中小型企業、製造業
外文關鍵詞：	Lean, Industry 4.0, Operational performance, Small and Medium Enterprise, Manufacturing
相關次數：	點閱：12 下載：0
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德國在發展工業4.0的過程中以精實生產為基礎。精實生產也被學者認為與工業4.0發展有正相關，並且也與企業的營運績效有關，但很少會提出模型將三者結合在一起進行驗證。

本研究以165份樣本進行實證分析，探討精實在台灣中小型製造業發展工業4.0的過程中所扮演的角色。以精實、工業4.0與營運績效之關係進行探討，採用偏最小平方結構方程模式(PLS-SEM)進行分析，並提出研究模型將三者結合在一起進行驗證。確認精實是否為台灣中小型製造業發展工業4.0的前提，且會對營運績效產生影響。

對受到人力、技術、資金限制的中小企業之製造業而言，一下子要實施工業4.0是不可能的，找出其發展工業4.0之前提並循序轉型才是最重要的。最後，本研究證實對中小企業來說，實施精實之後再發展工業4.0會比直接實施工業4.0更能提升營運績效。

The process of developing Industry 4.0 is based on lean production in Germany. Lean production is also considered by scholars to be positively related to the development of Industry 4.0 and is also related to the operational performance of enterprises. However, it is rare to propose a model that combines the three dimensions and then verifies them together.

This study uses 165 samples to conduct empirical analysis to explore the role of Lean in the development of Industry 4.0 in Taiwan's small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. In this study, we discussed the relationship between lean, industry 4.0 and operational performance, using partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM), and proposed a research model that combined the three dimensions for verification. It is used to confirm whether Lean is a prerequisite for Taiwan's small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to develop Industry 4.0, and will have an impact on operating performance.

For the manufacturing industry of small and medium-sized enterprises that are restricted by labor force, technology, and capital, it is impossible to implement Industry 4.0 at once. The most important thing is to find out the prerequisites for the enterprise to develop Industry 4.0. Finally, this research confirms that for small and medium-sized enterprises, first implementing Lean and then developing Industry 4.0 will improve operational performance, which is better than directly implementing Industry 4.0.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 研究目的與範圍 2
1-3 研究流程與論文結構 3
1-3-1 研究流程 3
1-3-2 論文結構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2-1 精實 6
2-1-1 精實生產 6
2-1-2 精實供應鏈 7
2-2 工業4.0 8
2-2-1 工業4.0的發展 8
2-2-2 工業4.0的觀念與技術 9
2-2-3 工業4.0與精實 10
2-3 營運績效 10
2-4 中小型製造業 11
第三章 研究方法 13
3-1 研究模型發展歷程 13
3-2 研究模型與研究假設 14
3-3 研究變數與研究方法 17
3-3-1 研究變數與內涵 17
3-3-2 尺度衡量方法 20
3-4 統計分析方法 21
3-4-1 測量模型 22
3-4-2 結構模型 23
3-4-3 中介效果 25
3-5 研究問卷 25
3-5-1 問卷發放方式 25
3-5-2 問卷回收概況 26
第四章 研究分析與結果 28
4-1 敘述性統計分析 28
4-2 測量模型分析 34
4-2-1 信度及效度分析 35
4-2-2 區別效度分析 38
4-3 結構模型分析 39
4-3-1 共線性分析 39
4-3-2 路徑分析 39
4-3-3 模型解釋力分析 42
4-3-4 模型預測力分析 42
4-4 中介效果分析 42
4-5 檢驗結果整理 43
4-6 研究論述 45
4-6-1 精實與營運績效的關係 45
4-6-2 工業4.0的數位化管理及數位化工程與營運績效的關係 45
4-6-3 工業4.0的數位化管理與數位化工程的關係 46
4-6-4 工業4.0的數位化管理及數位化工程與精實的關係 46
4-6-5 工業4.0的數位化管理及數位化工程透過精實與營運績效的關係 47
第五章 結論與後續研究 49
5-1 研究結論 49
5-2 研究意涵 50
5-2-1 學術上的意涵 50
5-2-2 實務上的意涵 50
5-3 研究限制與後續研究 50
參考文獻 52
                                

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