酚醛樹脂發泡材料之隔熱性能研究｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	郭廣德 Guang-Ded Guo
論文名稱：	酚醛樹脂發泡材料之隔熱性能研究
指導教授：	曾重仁 Chung-Jen Tseng
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 機械工程學系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
畢業學年度：	88
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	125
中文關鍵詞：	熱傳導係數
相關次數：	點閱：4 下載：0
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為了在中高溫的狀態下使用，我們選擇「閉孔型」的硬質酚醛樹脂發泡材。它的熱傳途徑主要包含了(1)氣體熱傳導(2)固體熱傳導(3)輻射熱傳。首先，分別在烘乾前與烘乾後，以等效熱傳導係數量測儀進行量測其等效熱傳導係數；另外，為了瞭解發泡材內的輻射熱傳量所佔的比例，本研究以傅利葉轉換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)進行垂直穿透率試驗，並推導出消散係數，再應用擴散近似法來估算輻射熱傳係數。
實驗結果發現：酚醛樹脂發泡材的密度會影響發泡材的隔熱性能，當密度為某一固定值時(約0.07g/cm^3)，發泡材會有最佳的隔熱能力。若密度小於此數值時，熱傳導會增加，這是因為熱輻射影響的結果，若密度大於此數值時，熱傳導亦會增加，這是因為發泡材中固體熱傳導影響的結果；其中如果酚醛樹脂發泡材沒有經過烘乾處理(含有水份的話)，可能會大大地降低隔熱能力，本研究發現烘乾前與烘乾後的差異約為10~20%；而且，當溫度愈高時，輻射熱傳量會愈大，但不一定會比固體熱傳導的變化大，所以輻射熱傳所佔總熱傳的比例並不一定會提高。

摘要 i
感謝言 ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xii
第一章 前 言 1
1-1 隔熱系統的目的 1
1-2 隔熱材料的種類 1
1-3 發泡材料的種類 2
1-3-1 主要熱固性塑膠及其特性、用途 3
1-3-2 主要熱塑性塑膠及其特性、用途 4
1-3-3 隔熱材料應用的溫度範圍 6
1-3-4 一般發泡隔熱材的燃燒現象 7
1-4 酚醛樹脂(Phenolic Resin)的製程 10
1-4-1 Novolac樹脂 11
1-4-2 Resole樹脂 12
1-5 理論分析 13
第二章 實 驗 設 備 16
2-1等效熱傳導係數測定法 16
2-1-1平板直接法 16
2-1-2平板比較法 19
2-1-3熱流計法 20
2-1-4保護熱板式熱流計法 21
2-1-5圓筒法 22
2-2等效熱傳導係數測定儀 25
2-2-1 Lambda 2000之儀器 25
2-2-1-1 Lambda 2000之操作步驟 30
2-2-2 Model 88 Thermal Conductivity Analyzer 31
2-2-2-1 Model 88 之操作步驟 33
2-2-3 Rapid-and k-Matic 34
2-2-3-1 Rapid-and k-Matic( Q-LAB軟體 ) 的操作步驟 35
2-3傅利葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 41
2-3-1 Perkin-Elmer Spectrum 2000 41
2-3-1-1 量測原理 41
2-3-1-2 Perkin-Elmer Spectrum 2000的操作步驟 43
2-3-2 Bomem Michelson — FTIR 44
2-3-2-1 Bomem Michelson -- FTIR 的操作步驟 45
2-4 高精度工具顯微鏡 --Nikon Microscope MM-40 45
2-4-1 Nikon Microscope MM-40的說明 46
2-4-2 Nikon Microscope MM-40的操作步驟 48
2-5 烘乾機 49
2-6 防潮箱 50
第三章 3 實驗的操作步驟 51
3-1 材料的來源/選擇 51
3-1-1一般常用難燃發泡劑的缺點 52
3-1-2添加活性碳(阻燃劑)的優點 52
3-2 開孔或閉孔的選擇 53
3-3 實驗的流程 54
3-4 物理性質的量測 55
3-5 等效熱傳導係數的量測 57
3-5-1探討烘乾前後：水氣之影響的實驗 58
3-5-2 探討熱處理時間之影響的實驗 59
3-5-3 探討烘乾後，受空氣中水氣之影響的實驗 59
3-6 FTIR穿透率試驗 59
3-6-1 FTIR的實驗步驟 60
3-6-2探討烘乾前後：水氣之影響的實驗 60
第四章 結果與討論 61
4-1微觀組織與物理性質 61
4-2 FTIR紅外線光譜量測 73
4-2-1切片的探討 73
4-2-2穿透度的量測 74
4-2-3消散係數的推算 82
4-2-4羅斯蘭平均消散係數的估算 90
4-2-5有效熱傳導的估算 92
4-3 有效熱傳導係數 94
4-3-1儀器的精準度分析 94
A. 苗栗大穎Lambda 2000 95
B. 內政部Rapid-k and k-Matic 97
C. 經濟部Model 88 98
4-3-2 溫度與Thermal Conductivity之關係 98
4-3-3 密度與Thermal Conductivity之關係 102
4-3-4 乾燥程度與Thermal Conductivity之關係 111
4-3-5 潮濕程度與Thermal Conductivity之關係 112
4-4 幅射熱傳導所佔的比例 113
4-5發泡材與未發泡材質的差異 116
第五章 結論與未來工作方向 119
5-1結論 119
5-2 未來研究建議 121
參考文獻 122

                                

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