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研究生： 羅席戴
Novita Rosyida
論文名稱： 3D Lidar Measurement of Boundary Layer Aerosols and Wind
3D Lidar Measurement of Boundary Layer Aerosols and Wind
指導教授： 倪簡白
Jan Bai Nee
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 86
中文關鍵詞： correlation method 、wind 、aerosol inhomogeneities 、elastic lidar
外文關鍵詞： correlation method, wind, aerosol inhomogeneities, elastic lidar
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    • 雷射雷達近來普遍用於監測大氣中的氣膠與各種物質，由接收散射訊號，藉此得知氣膠的分布及結構。由於氣膠會因各種天氣因素而產生不同的物理特性，光達對於大氣邊界層的監測特別有用。本論文藉由探測氣膠的非均勻分佈特性，推測風向風速的初步結果。實驗中使用光達針對五個定點做掃描，並且利用氣膠的分布相關分析(correlation method)位置差異試圖判定風速，之後再由延遲係數來決定徑向風向，負值表示風向正接近觀測者；而正值表示風向正遠離觀測者。從三天的資料顯示，有將近百分之四十的資料並沒有顯示出氣膠的位置差異，因此無法作分析比較，推論可能是小尺度的氣膠分布無法解析及分布容易改變的特性所造成的。

    The lidar investigations of the processes in the atmosphere, conducted in the present work, are based on the scattering by the atmosphere aerosol structure especially in the boundary layer. The aerosol inhomogeneity represents variations in space and time of aerosol microphysical characteristic that influence by turbulence, stratification of meteorological parameter and synoptic pattern as well. In this study correlation method is used to detect and trace aerosol inhomogeneities to determine the wind velocity. The measurement is performed by using scanning lidar in five angle position with fixed azimuth and elevation angle. For three days measurement around 40% of data didn’t show the aerosol inhomogeneity pattern, this may due to the small scale of aerosol distribution and the variability in the aerosol distribution pattern. This work is a preliminary result to determine the radial wind component and the direction is determined from the lag value, while the value is positive means the wind is close to the observer and a negative value means the wind is far away from the observer.

    ABSTRACT I ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGMENTS III TABLE OF CONTENT IV LIST OF FIGURE VI LIST OF TABLE VII CHAPTER 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. BACKGROUND 1 1.2. WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION 3 1.3. GLOBAL WIND 5 a. Trade winds 6 b. Westerlies wind 7 c. Polar winds or Polar Easterlies winds 7 1.4. LOCAL WIND 8 a. Land and sea breeze 8 b. Mountain and valley breeze 8 c. Ketabatic winds 9 1.5. MONSOON WINDS 9 1.6. BOUNDARY LAYER STRUCTURE 11 1.7. TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL 13 1.8. REVIEW OF LIDAR STUDIES ON WIND MEASUREMENT 15 1.9. MOTIVATION 17 1.10. OBJECTIVE 18 1.11. THESIS LAYOUT 18 CHAPTER 2 19 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE AND DATA ANALYSIS 19 2.1. INTRODUCTION TO LIDAR 19 2.2. OR-3 SCANNING LIDAR SYSTEM 20 a. Transmitter 20 b. Receiver 21 c. Data acquisition and signal processing 22 2.3. LIDAR EQUATION 22 2.4. AEROSOL BACKSCATTERING COEFFICIENT AND FRACTIONAL DEVIATIONS 24 2.5. POINT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT METHOD 26 2.6. WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION MEASUREMENT 28 2.7. MODEL CALCULATION 29 CHAPTER 3 32 BACKGROUND OF WEATHER IN CHUNG LI 32 3.1. CLIMATE IN TAIWAN 32 3.2. AIR QUALITY IN TAIWAN ACCORDING TO PM-10 MONTHLY AVERAGE DISTRIBUTION 34 3.3. GENERAL BACKGROUND OF WIND SHEAR OR WIND GRADIENT IN BOUNDARY LAYER 36 3.4. AN OVERVIEW OF SURFACE WIND CONDITION IN CHUNG-LI AREA 43 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 46 4.1 INTRODUCTION 46 4.2 DETERMINATION OF AEROSOL INHOMOGENEITIES 48 4.3. WIND ANALYSIS USING MAXIMUM CORRELATION 50 4.4. DISCUSSION 56 CHAPTER 5 59 CONCLUSION 59 5.1. CONCLUSION 59 5.2. FUTURE WORK 59 REFERENCES 60 APPENDIX 1. 62 APPENDIX 2. 64  

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