摘要
近年來汽、機車等交通工具大量成長，產生大量的廢棄輪胎，造成環境污染公害問題，廢輪胎本身體積龐大，且不易腐化，用直接掩埋方法不但佔用大量掩埋空間，又不易分解，也不符合經濟效益，若將廢輪胎大量使用在土木工程上，可紓解每年產生大量廢輪胎堆置的問題。
本研究以原型廢輪胎作為擋土牆工程，就實際全程參與桃園縣龍潭鄉牛欄河上游三期整治工程廢輪胎擋土牆護岸作為研究案例參考，同時參考前人對廢輪胎擋土牆相關研究資料，進行一系列廢輪胎擋土牆穩定性與經濟性分析，本研究首先針對實際參與廢輪胎擋土牆現場工程案例區施工過程，配合現場廢輪胎擋土牆護岸完工後裝設監測儀器量測數據作整體性的說明。穩定性分析方面，選定不同高度之廢輪胎擋土牆斷面，根據庫倫土壓力理論計算分析廢輪胎擋土牆穩定性，以檢核底部抗滑動、抗傾倒及基礎承載力之安全係數，並以PC-STABL6程式模擬廢輪胎擋土牆邊坡穩定分析，同時利用FLAC4.0程式模擬分析廢輪胎擋土牆之變位與廢輪胎擋土牆邊坡滑動與位移情形及土體應力分佈狀況。而經濟性分析方面，利用Project 2000軟體分別計算廢輪胎擋土牆與重力式擋土牆施工成本及所需工期，進而比較其兩者擋土牆經濟性與施工性。期盼藉此研究，累積一些廢輪胎擋土牆研究之相關經驗、數據及資料，供未來工程界設計及工程案例調查之參考，以助於未來廢輪胎工程技術規範之建立。

Abstract
Over the recent years, such transportation as automobiles and motorcycles keep on the increase significantly that resulted in big quantity of waste tires bringing forth environmental pollution. On account of huge dimensions of waste tires, if we bury such waste tires directly in the waste yard, it would occupy a large space and tires cannot only be dissolved easily but it does not meet the requirements for economies. If huge quantity of waste tires is used for civil works, it will alleviate the issue in stacking and disposal of big quantities in each year.
For this study, reference was made to the practical case where the waste tires were used for construction of retaining wall and embankment for Phase III rectification of upper stream of the Newlan River in Lungtam Hsiang, Taoyuan County in which I was involved throughout the entire project. Meanwhile, I made reference to the available studies of use of waste tires for construction of retaining wall and proceeded with series of analysis on the stability and economies of use of waste tires for construction of retaining wall. This study firstly made the integral description of process of field construction using waste tires for construction of retaining wall where I was involved, and parameters acquired thru monitoring instruments installed upon completion of retaining wall that serves as the embankment. With respect to stability analysis, after having selected cross section of retaining wall made of waste tires with different heights and according to Coulomb theory on earth pressure, I operated calculation and analysis on the stability of retaining wall constructed with waste tires for verification of safety of factor of resistance to sliding at the bottom, resistance to collapse and foundation load. In addition, I made use of PC-STABLE 6 program for simulation of analysis on stability of side slope of retaining wall constructed with waste tires. Meanwhile, I made use of FLAC4.0 Program for simulation and analysis on the displacement of retaining wall made of waste tires, the conditions of sliding of side slope of retaining wall made of waste tires as well as the distribution of soil stress. To facilitate analysis on economies, I made use of Project 2000 software for calculation of costs and work duration of construction of retaining wall made of waste tires and the gravity-type retaining wall, made comparison in the economies and the feasibility of construction between the 2 types of construction. It is my earnest hope that this study will bring forth accumulation of experiences, parameters and data in studies of construction of retaining wall with waste tires, which would serve as reference materials relevant to construction engineering and cases of instance that would contribute to the establishment of technical specification relevant to utilization of waste tires in the years to come.

參考文獻
1.林政彰，「廢輪胎橡膠瀝青之性質研究」，碩士論文，中華大學土木工程研究所，新竹 (2000)。
2.呂理成，「以廢輪胎橡膠拌製石膠泥瀝青混凝土之研究」，碩士論文，中華大學土木工程研究所，新竹 (2003)。
3.金介正，「廢輪胎橡膠瀝青混凝土性質探討」，碩士論文，中華大學土木工程研究所，新竹 (2001)。
4.葉佳魁，「廢輪胎碎片在不同相對夯實度下之大地工程性質」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所，台北 (1999)。
5.廖長志，「原型廢輪胎在大地工程上之研究」，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所，台北(2001)。
6.吳泓勳，「廢輪胎防波堤之可行性研究」，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所，台北(2001)。
7.林辰雄，「廢棄輪胎在水土保持工程的應用」，碩士論文，國立東華大學自然資源管理研究所，花蓮(2003)。
8.戴志光，「原型廢輪胎剪力強度參數之研究」，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所，台北(2002)。
9.陳志昌，「FLAC程式應用於土壤邊坡穩定分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學應用地質研究所，中壢(2001)。
10.李佳翰，「沉箱式碼頭受震引致土壤液化之數值模擬」，碩士論文，國立中央大學應用地質研究所，中壢(2001)。
11.郭俊良、湯輝雄，「廢棄輪胎在公路維護上的應用」，台灣公路工程，第20卷，第3期，第2-5頁 (1993)。
12.馮正一、林永光，「考量環境、生態與景觀需求之邊坡保護技術」，地工技術，第92期，第5-18頁 (2002)。
13.行政院環保署，中華民國台灣地區環境保護統計年報，民國九十一年八月。
14.楊金鐘，「廢棄物的資源化」，礦業技術，第29卷，第4期，第281-294頁 (1991)。
15.吳志信，「廢輪胎再生處理技術簡介」，中華民國環境工程會刊，第8卷，第2期，第65-72頁 (1997)。
16.鄭光炎，「生態工法之工料分析」，生態工法理論與實務研討會(2000)。
17.林至聰、張添晉，｢廢輪胎原型利用之結構安全及環保效益研究｣，廢輪胎資源化技術應用說明會（2000）。
18.吳輝龍，「自然生態工法與災害防治」，生態工法理論與實務研討會(2002)。
19.陳榮河「考量生態之工法研析」，土木工程技術，第5卷，第3期，第29-40頁 (2001)。
20.謝國煌等，「廢輪胎資源利用作為輔助燃料」，廢輪胎資源化利用技術與策略研討會(1996)。
21.林至聰、鄭光炎，「廢輪胎擋土牆之結構安全研究」，台北科技大學學報，第34卷，第1期，第79-86頁 (2001)。
22.FLAC,Version3.3 Volume Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Itasca Consulting Group,Inc(1995).
23.黃景川著，基礎工程，三民書局，pp.349-366，(1998)。
24.廖洪鈞、廖瑞堂，坡地社區開發安全監測手冊，內政部營建署 (2000)。
25.Bosscher, P. J., Edil, T. B., and Eldin, N. N., “Construction and prformance of a shredded waste tire test embankment,” Geoenvironmental and engineering properties of rock, soil, and aggregate, Transportation Research Record, No. 1345, pp. 44-52 (1992).
26.Feng, Z. Y., and Sutter, K. G., “Dynamic properties of granulated rubber-sand mixtures,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, ASTM, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 338-344 (2000).
27.Edil, T. B., and Bosscher, P. J., “Engineering properties of tire chips and soil mixtures,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 453-464 (1994).
28.Goulias, D. G., and Ali, A. H., “Asphalt-rubber mixture behavior and design” Journal oF Testing and Evaluation, Vol. 26, Iss. 4, pp. 306~314 (1998).
29.Humphrey, D. N., Standard, T. C., Cribbs, M. M., and Manion, W. P., “Shear strength and compressibility of tire chips for use as retaining wall backfill,” Lightweight artificial and waste materials for embankments over soft soils, Transportation Research Record, No. 1422, pp. 29-35 (1993).
30.Hausmann, M. R., “Slope remediation,” Proceedings: Stability and performance of slopes and embankments－Ⅱ, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication, No. 31, pp. 1274-1317 (1992).
31.Liang, R. Y., and Lee, S., “Short-term and long-term aging behavior of rubber modified asphalt paving mixture,” Recycled rubber, aggregate, and filler in asphalt paving mixtures, Transportation Research Record, No. 1530, pp. 11-17 (1996).
32.Long, N. T., “The Pneusol,” Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussees, Paris (1990).
33.Masad, E. M., Taha, R., Ho, C., and Papagiannakis, T., “Engineering properties of tire/soil mixtures as a lightweight fill material,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 297-344 (304).
34.Maupin, G. W., Jr., “Hot mix asphalt rubber applications in virginia,” Recycled rubber, aggregate, and filler in asphalt paving mixtures, Transportation Research Record, No. 1530, pp. 18-24 (1996).
35.Upton, R. J., and Machan, G., “Use of shredded tires for lightweight fill,” Lightweight artificial and waste materials for embankments over soft soils, Transportation Research Record, No. 1422, pp. 36-45 (1993).
36.Zanzotto, L., and Kennephol G. J., “Development of rubber and asphalt binders by depolymerization and devulcanization of scrap tires in asphalt,” Recycled rubber, aggregate, and filler in asphalt paving mixtures, Transportation Research Record, No. 1530, pp. 51-58 (1996).
37.Poh, P. S. H., and Broms, B. B., “Slope stabilization using old rubber tires and geotextiles,” Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities , ASCE, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 76~79 (1995).
38.Vinod, K. Garga, and Vince, O''Shaughnessy, “Tire-reinforced earthfill.Part1：Construction of a test fill, performance, and retaining wall design,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal , No. 37, pp. 75~96 (2000).
39.Vinod, K. Garga, and Vince, O''Shaughnessy, “Tire-reinforced earthfill.Part2：Pull-out behaviour and retaining slope design,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal , No. 37, pp. 97~116 (2000).
40.FLAC,Version3.3 Volume Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Itasca Consulting Group,Inc(1995).
41.台北市政府工務局，工料分析手冊，台北市政府工務局(1985)
42.郭榮欽編著，工程估價-Excel應用，全華書局，(1998)。
43.內政部營建署，「建築技術規則建築構造編基礎構造設計規範」，內政部營建(2001)。