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研究生: 簡清旭
Ching-Shiu Jian
論文名稱: 雙咪唑鹽與單咪唑鹽離子液體的合成與性質研究
Syntheses and properties of diimidazolium ionic liquid and monoimidazolium ionic liquid
指導教授: 劉陵崗
Ling-Kang Liu
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學學系
Department of Chemistry
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 101
中文關鍵詞: 氫氘交換反應離子液體
外文關鍵詞: H-D exchange reaction, ionic liquid
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  • 本論文中所合成出來的雙咪唑離子液體(1-1-1、2-1-2、3-1-3、4-1-4),環上2號與5號位置上的質子都會進行氫氘交換反應,只不過兩者反應條件並不相同。在2號位置上的氫氘交換反應,只需要在中性D2O中即可進行;能否交換與溶液的pH值有關,當pH值小於2時,氫氘交換反應並不會進行,隨著pH的增加氫氘交換反應的速率加快。在5號位置上的氫氘交換反應,必須有額外的鹼(如N-甲基咪唑)才會進行,其交換反應速率與N-甲基咪唑的濃度呈現正比的關係。
    本論文中也合成兩類單咪唑離子液體。第一類是在室溫下為液態的磁性離子液體[BMIM]FeCl4。其磁化率為40.6x10-6 emu g-1。第二類為掌性離子液體(1R、1S、2R、2S),是在高壓反應器中進行脫水縮合合成的,實驗過程較為簡單,產率與文獻法比較相似。對掌性離子液體1R、1S、2R、2S均測得其旋光度。


    The diimidazolium-based ionic liquids (1-1-1, 2-1-2, 3-1-3 and 4-1-4) were successfully synthesized. The C-2 and C-5 protons of the imidazolium ring show H-D exchange in D2O to different extents. There is a large pH effect on the H-D exchange rate constant for the C-2 protons. Once the pH value gets lower than 2, the H-D exchange for the C-2 protons almost stops. For the H-D exchange of C-5 protons, it needs the addition of a base (N-methyl imidazole) for the reaction to proceed. A linear relationship between the H-D exchange rate constant and the concentration of N-methyl imidazole was observed.
    The monoimidazolium-based ionic liquids were also prepared, among which are two types of ionic liquids: (1) The magnetic ionic liquid [BMIM]FeCl4, which is a liquid at room temperature and exhibits a magnetic susceptibility of 40.6x10-6 emu g-1. (2) chiral ionic liquids (1R,1S,2R,2S) which can be obtained by condensation in an autoclave. The preparation with autoclave resueted in a good yields, which are comparable to the yields regarted earlier. The optical rotation characters were measured for these chiral ionic liquids.

    目 錄 中文摘要……………………………………….……..I 英文摘要……………………………………………..II 謝誌…………………………………………………..Ⅲ 目錄…………………………………………………..Ⅳ 圖表目錄……………………………………………..Ⅶ 第一章 緒論 1-1 離子液體的定義…………………………………………………1 1-2 離子液體的發展…………………………………………………5 1-2.1 離子液體的物理化學性質………………………………6 1-2.2 有機鋁融鹽………………………………………………7 1-2.3 對水及空氣安定的離子液體……………………………9 1-3 氫氘交換…………………………………………………………10 1-4 離子液體在合成上的應用………………………………………12 第二章 雙咪唑離子液體 2-1 雙咪唑離子液體的合成…………………………………………18 2-2 雙咪唑離子液體的氫氘交換反應………………………………20 2-3 氫氘交換反應級數………………………………………………22 2-3.1 雙咪唑離子液體濃度的影響……………………………22 2-3.2 N-甲基咪唑濃度的影響…………………………………24. 2-3.3 溫度的影響………………………………………………26 2-3.4 烷基碳鏈的影響…………………………………………28 2-4 雙咪唑陽離子2號位置的氫氘交換反應………………………29 2-5 雙咪唑陽離子氫氘交換反應的反應機構………………………31 2-6 結論………………………………………………………………33 第三章 單咪唑離子液體 3-1 磁性離子液體……………………………………………………34 3-2 磁性離子液體的鑑定……………………………………………35 3-3 磁性離子液體的磁性行為………………………………………36 3-4 掌性離子液體……………………………………………………38 3-5 掌性離子液體的旋光度…………………………………………40 3-6 結論………………………………………………………………40 3-7 未來展望…………………………………………………………41 第四章 實驗流程……………………………………….……….42 第五章 附錄………………………………………………………59 第六章 參考資料………………….……………………..……..87

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