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研究生: 杜孟奇
Mong-Qi Du
論文名稱: 應用RBF類神經網路於超音波馬達之位置控制
指導教授: 莊漢東
Han-tung Chuang
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
畢業學年度: 89
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 102
中文關鍵詞: 類神經網路非線性適應控制系統鑑別超音波馬達
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  • 超音波馬達系統驅動原理是利用壓電陶瓷因電壓而變形,進而產
    生高頻振動來驅動轉子或滑塊來作動。因運動平台的慣性與滑軌的摩
    擦力,造成此馬達有死區(Dead Zone 或Dead Band)問題,此為馬達最
    明顯之非線性現象。為了解決此問題我們導入了類神經網路於此非線
    性系統的鑑別上,首先將馬達系統的動態模型建構成由一個非線性
    (死區)和一個線性系統兩部份所串連而成,再針對這種形態的系統模
    型提出了藉由類神經網路訓練來鑑別其非線性部份之近似模型,再由
    此死區近似模型配合類神經網路訓練出其逆模型(Inverse Model)來對
    非線性部份做補償,最後再利用線性控制理論來控制系統線性部份。
    這種控制方法的特色是類神經網路可以在架構不改變的前提下近似
    出多種形態之非線性函數,而對於系統線性部份之控制器的設計也更
    能以線性控制來完成。因為Radial Basis Function(RBF)網路在函數的
    近似上有極佳的效果,所以在本研究中採用RBF 類神經網路來近似
    馬達死區,而控制器設計是採用線性二次(Linear Quadratic, LQ)最佳
    控制理論。經電腦模擬與實作皆可證明本研究可解決具有死區問題之
    非線性系統,並精準的到達目標位置,完成超音波馬達之位置控制。


    摘 要........................................................ I 目 錄...... ............................................... III 圖 索 引.................................................... VI 第一章 緒論...................................................1 1.1 前言......................................................1 1.2 研究目的..................................................2 1.3 研究方法..................................................3 1.4 文獻回顧..................................................4 1.5 論文結構..................................................6 第二章 類神經網路與控制理論...................................7 2.1 類神經網路理論............................................7 2.1.1 神經元的模型............................................7 2.1.2 半徑式基底函數類神經網路(RBFN).........................12 2.1.3 RBF 神經網路的學習機制.................................17 2.2 線性二次型最佳控制設計...................................24 2.2.1 二次型最佳控制調節器...................................24 2.2.2 最佳二次型觀測器的建立.................................26 2.2.3 線性二次高斯最佳控制問題...............................29 第三章 類神經網路非線性適應控制器設計........................31 3.1 控制系統架構........................ ....................31 3.2 死區的分類...............................................34 3.3 系統鑑別.................................................37 3.3.1 設定RBF 神經網路.......................................37 3.3.2 RBF 神經網路基底函數個數的選擇.........................38 3.3.3 建立完整的系統模型.....................................40 3.3.4 鑑別方法...............................................42 3.4 死區補償.................................................45 3.5 控制器的設計.............................................47 3.6 設計流程.................................................49 第四章 電腦模擬與實作結果....................................51 4.1 電腦模擬.................................................51 4.1.1 系統鑑別...............................................52 4.1.2 逆網路補償.............................................72 4.1.3 控制結果...............................................76 4.2 實作與結果...............................................81 4.2.1 超音波馬達.............................................81 4.2.2 實驗架構...............................................82 4.2.3 系統鑑別...............................................86 4.2.4 逆死區訓練.............................................89 4.2.5 控制結果...............................................90 4.2.6 問題討論...............................................95 第五章 結論與展望............................................97 5.1 結論.....................................................97 5.2 未來展望.................................................98 參考文獻.....................................................99

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