電化學技術應用於無筋混凝土時電流分佈｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	林柏璁 Bor-Tsong Lin
論文名稱：	電化學技術應用於無筋混凝土時電流分佈 AbstractKeyword： electrochemical technique, auxiliary electrode, electricThe experiment applied the electrochemical technique toinvestigate the distribution of electric currents that in the harden nonreinforcingconcretecurrent density.
指導教授：	李釗 Chau Lee
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
畢業學年度：	90
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	127
中文關鍵詞：	輔助電極、電化學技術、電流分佈
外文關鍵詞：	auxiliary electrode, electric current distribution, electrochemical technique
相關次數：	點閱：7 下載：0
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本研究係應用電化學技術，研究通電電流在發生鹼質與粒料反應之
硬固無筋混凝土內的分佈行為。本研究主要設計參數為輔助陰陽極之間
距、數量、與排列方式。其目的是為了瞭解輔助陰陽極在無筋混凝土內
之不同間距、數量、與排列方式對通電電流所產生的影響。
研究成果顯示，混凝土試體進行電化學通電時，電極平行配置之混
凝土試體，其電流強度最強的區域發生在陰陽電極間之直線區域上。而
混凝土內離子的析出效果，主要與陰陽輔助電極之表面積與通電電流密
度成一正比關係。

The experiment applied the electrochemical technique to
investigate the distribution of electric currents that in the harden nonreinforcing
concrete arose from the alkali- aggregate reaction. The
major design parameter are the distance, amount and permutation of
the auxiliary electrodes. The purpose of the electrode parameters
design was to analyze the influence on the concrete.The results show that when applying electrochemical technique for
our experiment, the specimen which disposed for parallel－electrodes
existed a strong electric intensity on the beeline－area of the anode
and cathode. And the result of the ions separate from the specimen
was depended on the surface area of the electrodes and electric current density.

目錄……................................................................................................I
圖目錄…............................................................................................ VII
表目錄….............................................................................................. X
第一章緒論........................................................................................1
1-1 研究動機......................................................................................1
1-2 研究目的......................................................................................3
第二章文獻回顧.................................................................................4
2-1 鹼質與粒料反應之機理................................................................4
2-1-1 鹼質與粒料反應形成的條件與過程.......................................4
2-1-2 鹼質與粒料反應之種類.........................................................6
2-1-2-1 鹼－氧化矽反應（Alkali-Silica Reaction）.....................6
2-1-2-2 鹼－碳酸鹽反應（Alkali-Carbonate Reaction） ............6
2-1-2-3 鹼－矽酸鹽反應（Alkali-Silicate Reaction）..................7
2-2 影響鹼質與粒料反應的因素.........................................................8
2-2-1 含鹼量與水泥細度.................................................................8
2-2-2 活性粒料的粒徑與含量.......................................................10
2-2-2-1 活性粒料的粒徑...........................................................10
2-2-2-2 活性粒料的含量........................................................... 11
2-2-3 水及水灰比.........................................................................12
2-2-4 摻料的選擇.........................................................................13
2-2-5 pH 值..................................................................................13
2-2-6 混凝土所處的環境...............................................................14
2-3 鹼質與粒料反應的預防與維修方法............................................15
2-3-1 新拌混凝土發生鹼質與粒料反應的預防方法.......................16
2-3-1-1 粒料的選擇...................................................................16
2-3-1-2 控制混凝土中的含鹼量.................................................17
2-3-1-3 使用卜作嵐材料...........................................................17
2-3-1-4 使用化學摻料...............................................................18
2-3-2 硬固混凝土發生鹼質與粒料反應的維修方式.......................19
2-3-2-1 防止水分侵入...............................................................19
2-3-2-2 改變混凝土膠體性質....................................................19
2-3-2-3 束制或補強...................................................................20
2-3-2-4 置換.............................................................................20
2-3-2-5 電化學技術...................................................................21
2-4 電化學去鹽技術.........................................................................22
2-4-1 去鹽機理.............................................................................22
2-4-2 影響電化學去鹽成效之因素................................................23
2-5 電化學電導通路組成因子及其影響............................................27
2-5-1 離子半徑與電荷密度...........................................................27
2-5-2 電解質溶液與其電導率.......................................................29
2-5-3 電位與電位梯度..................................................................32
2-5-3-1 電位.............................................................................32
2-5-3-2 等位面和電位梯度........................................................32
2-5-4 電流與等電流線..................................................................33
2-5-4-1 電流.............................................................................33
第三章試驗計劃.................................................................................37
3-1 實驗設計....................................................................................37
3-2 試驗材料....................................................................................43
3-2-1 水泥....................................................................................43
3-2-2 活性粒料.............................................................................44
3-2-3 拌合水................................................................................44
3-2-4 氫氧化鈉（NaOH）............................................................44
3-2-5 氫氧化鋰（LiOH．H2O） ...................................................44
3-2-6 氫氧化鈣（Ca(OH)2） ........................................................45
3-2-7 輔助電極.............................................................................45
3-2-8 沉水循環幫浦......................................................................45
3-2-9 聚氯乙烯硬管（PVC Pipe） ...............................................46
3-3 主要儀器設備............................................................................47
3-3-1 混凝土拌合機......................................................................47
3-3-2 電源供應器（Power Supply）............................................47
3-3-3 混凝土抗壓試驗機...............................................................48
3-3-4 離子層析儀（Ion Choromatogrphy，IC） ..........................48
3-4 實驗步驟與方法.........................................................................50
3-4-1 初步試驗條件配置...............................................................50
3-4-2 電流分佈試驗......................................................................52
3-4-2-1 電流量測......................................................................52
3-4-2-2 電位量測......................................................................53
3-4-3 電化學通電試驗..................................................................55
3-4-3-1 參數設計及條件配置....................................................55
3-4-3-2 表含鹼當量的調配與計算.............................................57
3-4-3-3 無筋混凝土試體模具製作與灌製..................................58
3-4-3-4 通電電流密度...............................................................59
3-4-4 陰陽極電解槽離子分析.......................................................60
3-5 分析方法....................................................................................61
3-5-1 單軸抗壓強度......................................................................61
3-5-2 離子濃度分析......................................................................61
第四章結果與討論.............................................................................63
4-1 實驗粒料之活性檢測..................................................................63
4-2 不同水灰比、含鹼量、粒料活性對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響.....65
4-2-1 在模擬ASTM C1293 養護環境下，混凝土角柱之膨脹量.......66
4-2-1-1 不同水灰比與粒料活性對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1293）...................................................................................66
4-2-1-2 不同含鹼量與粒料活性對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1293）...................................................................................67
4-2-1-3 不同含鹼量與水灰比對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1293）...................................................................................68
4-2-2 在模擬ASTM C1260 之加速養護環境下，混凝土角柱之膨脹
量.................................................................................................69
4-2-2-1 不同水灰比與粒料活性對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1260）...................................................................................70
4-2-2-2 不同含鹼量與粒料活性對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1260）...................................................................................71
4-2-2-3 不同含鹼量與水灰比對混凝土角柱膨脹量之影響（模擬
C1260）...................................................................................72
4-2-3 主試驗控制組之配比決定....................................................73
4-3 電化學通電過程中系統產生之過電壓.........................................76
4-3-1 電流強度與溫度一定時，電極間距的變化...........................78
4-3-2 電極距離與溫度一定時，電流的變化..................................80
4-4 電化學通電過程中，試體內之電流分佈關係..............................81
4-4-1 單對電極之電流電壓分佈圖................................................82
4-4-1-1 電極數量1：1 之等電位圖...........................................82
4-4-1-2 電極數量1：1 之等電流圖...........................................85
4-4-2 雙對電極平行配置之電流電壓分佈圖..................................87
4-4-2-1 電極數量2：2 平行配置之等電位圖............................87
4-4-2-2 電極數量2：2 平行配置之等電流圖............................90
4-4-3 雙對電極相間配置之電流電壓分佈圖..................................92
4-4-3-1 電極數量2：2 相間配置之等電位圖............................92
4-4-3-2 電極數量2：2 相間配置之等電流圖............................94
4-5 通電過程中，陰陽極電解槽內之離子濃度分析..........................97
4-5-1 鋰離子的移動關係...............................................................98
4-5-1-1 電極數量1：1，不同間距的變化對鋰離子移動之影響關係
.................................................................................................98
4-5-1-2 電極數量2：2，不同間距的變化對鋰離子移動之影響關係
...............................................................................................100
4-5-1-3 電極間距10 公分，不同電極數量變化對鋰離子移動之影
響關係....................................................................................100
4-5-2 鈉離子的析出....................................................................102
4-5-2-1 電極數量1：1，不同間距的變化對鈉離子析出之影響關係
...............................................................................................102
4-5-2-2 電極數量2：2，不同間距的變化對鈉離子析出之影響關係
...............................................................................................103
4-5-2-3 電極間距10 公分，不同電極數量變化對鈉離子析出之影
響關係....................................................................................104
4-5-3 鈣離子的析出....................................................................105
第五章結論與建議...........................................................................107
5-1 結論.........................................................................................107
5-2 建議.........................................................................................109
參考文獻........................................................................................... 110

                                

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