世界經濟的全球化、貿易的自由化、網際網路的蓬勃發展，物流（或稱運籌Logistics）已成為全世界關注的焦點。各製造商、批發商、零售商，均需透過物流功能來滿足顧客對產品的需求，自然而然形成一個物流供應鏈。對於消費市場日趨多變化、多元化的衝擊下，為了能及時做出適當、適切的反應，傳統的物流方式已不合要求。所以，做好物流工作以降低營運成本，並滿足顧客要求，提高顧客服務水準，是企業迎向二十一世紀爆炸性消費時代，永續經營的關鍵要素。
傳統物流中心內，揀貨作業所花費的時間佔了整個物流時間的30﹪至40﹪左右。因此，揀貨作業是物流中心整體營運績效好壞的指標作業。而揀貨區域規劃、與產品擺放位置的規劃都跟揀貨作業的效率有很大之關聯性。揀貨區域規劃的好，或者產品擺放位置適當都會提高揀貨作業的效率，揀貨區域的規劃與產品分佈方法受其倉儲環境因素影響甚大，選擇不同的倉儲環境與不同的產品擺放組合將會影響到後續揀貨員在執行揀貨作業的問題。
本研究將針對『物流中心內部分區揀貨』問題加以探討；使用吾人提出的訂單產生方式後，以六種不同的相似係數計算方法、兩種品項聚群方法、兩種品項擺放方法、兩種種子訂單選取法則、一種配合訂單選取法則，以及兩種路徑規劃策略交互搭配實驗。吾人利用Visual Basic 6.0撰寫模擬程式，進行不同策略組合之下的實驗分析，對系統模擬產生出的實驗數據以Excel做輸出整理，並輸入統計套裝軟體SPSS10.0作一比較分析。評估揀貨路徑的長短，以期得到較佳的實驗組合方法，並對發展出之演算法作一結論，以及對未來研究方法的建議，供實體物流中心的揀貨參考依據。

參 考 文 獻
1. Berg, J. P. V. D, and Zijm, W. H. M, 1999, “Models for warehouse management: Classification and examples,” International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 59, no. 1-3, pp. 519-528.
2. Bhaba, R. Sarker and Khan M. Saiful Islam, 1999, “Relative performances of similarity and dissimilarity measures,” Computer & Industrial Engineering, vol. 37, issue. 4, pp. 769-807.
3. Bozer, Y. A. and J. A. White, 1990, “Design and performance model for end-of-aisle order picking systems,” Management Science, vol.36, no.7, pp.852-866.
4. Brynzer, H. and Johansson, M. I, 1995, “Design and performance of kitting and order picking systems,” International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 41, issue. 1~3, pp. 115-125.
5. Brynzer, H. and Johansson, M. I, 1996, “Storage location assignment: Using the product structure to reduce order picking times,” International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 46~47, issue. not defined, pp. 595-603.
6. Eynan Amit and Meir J. Rosenblatt, 1994, “Establishing Zones In Single-Command Class-Based Rectangular AS/RS,” IIE Transactions, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 38-45.
7. Francis, R. L. and J. A. White, 1974, Facility layout and location an analytical approach, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
8. Frazelle, E. A. and G. P. Sharp, 1989, “Correlated assignment strategy can improve any order picking operation,” Industrial Engineering, vol.21, no. 4, pp.33-37.
9. Gademann, A. J. R. M., Jeroen, P. Van Den Berg, and Hassan, H. Van Der Hoff, 2001, “An order batching algorithm for wave picking in a parallel-aisle warehouse,” IIE Transactions, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 385-398.
10. Gibson, D. R. and Sharp, G. P., 1992, “Order batching procedures,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 58, no.1, pp. 57-67.
11. Goetschalckx, M. and Ratliff, H. D., 1988, “An efficient algorithm to cluster order picking items in a wide aisle,” Engineering Costs and Production Economics, vol.13, no. 1, 263-271.
12. Hall, R. W., 1993, “Distance approximations for routing manual pickers in a warehouse,” IIE Transactions. vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 76-87.
13. Hausman, W. H., Schwarz, L. B., and Graves, S. C., 1976, “Optimal storage assignment in automatic warehousing systems,” Management Science, vol.22, no.6, pp. 629-638.
14. Hwang, H. and Lee, M. K., 1988, “Order batching algorithms for a man-on-board automated storage and retrieval system,” Engineering Costs and Production Economics, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 285-294.
15. Hwang, H., Lee, Y. K., and Ko, C. S., 2001, “Routing policies in an order picking operation,” Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Production Research.
16. Jarvis Jay M. and Edward D. McDowell, 1991, “Optimal Product Layout in an Order Picking Warehouse,” IIE Transactions, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 93-102.
17. Karasawa, Y., H. Nakayama, and S. Dohi, 1980, “Trade-off analysis for optimal design of automated warehouse,” Intermational Journal of System Science, vol.11, no.5, pp.567-576.
18. Koster, R. D. and Poort, E. V. D., 1998, “Routing orderpickers in a warehouse: a comparison between optimal and heuristic solutions,” IIE Transactions, vol. 30, no.5, pp.469-480.
19. Larson T. Nick, Heather March and Andrew Kusiak, 1996, “A heuristic approach to warehouse layout with class-based storage,” IIE Transactions, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 337-348.
20. Liu, C. M., 1999, “Clustering techniques for stock location and order-picking in a distribution center,” Computers & Operations Research, vol. 26, no. 10~11, pp.989-1002.
21. Petersen, C. G., 1997, “An evaluation of order picking routeing policies,” International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 1098-1111.
22. Petersen II, C. G., and Schmenner, R. W., 1999, “An evaluation of routing and volume-based storage policies in an order picking operation,” Decision Sciences, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 481-501.
23. Ratliff, H. D., and Rosenthal, A. S., 1983, “Order-picking in a rectangular warehouse: a solvable case of the traveling salesman problem,” Operations Research, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 507-521.
24. Roodbergen, K. J., and Koster, R. D., 2001, “Routing order pickers in a warehouse with a middle aisle,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 133, no. 1, pp. 32-43.
25. Rosenblatt, M. J. and A. Eynan, 1989, “Deriving the optimal bounders for class-based automatic storage/retrieval systems,” Management Science, vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1519-1524.
26. Rosenwein, M. B., 1994, “An application of cluster analysis to the problem of locating items within a warehouse,” IIE Transactions, vol. 26, issue. 1, pp. 101-103.
27. Rouwenhorst, B., Reuter, B., Stockrahm, V., Houtum, G. J., Mantel, R. J., and Zijm, W. H. M., 2000, “Warehouse design and control: Framework and literature review,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 122, no. 3, pp. 515-533.
28. Scott M. Shafer and Ricardo Ernst, 1993, “Applying Group Technology Principles to Warehousing Operations,” National Association of Purchasing Management, pp. 39-42.
29. Simpson N. C. and S. Selcuk Erenguc, 2001, “Modeling the order picking function in supply chain systems: formulation, experimentation, and insights,” IIE Transactions, vol. 33, no. 2, pp.119-130.
30. Tompkins, J. A., and Smith, J. D., 1998, The Warehouse Management Handbook.
31. Van Den Berg, J. P., 1999, “A literature survey on planning and control of warehouse systems.,” IIE Transactions, vol. 31, issue. 8, pp.751-762.
32. Vaughan, T. S. and Petersen, C. G. 1999, “The effect of warehouse cross aisles on order picking efficiency,” International Journal of Production Research, vol. 37, no.4, pp.881-897.
33. Y.-C. Ho and C. L. Moodie, 1996, “Solving cell formation problems in a manufacturing environment with flexible processing and routeing capabilities,” International Journal of Production Research, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 2901-2923.
34. 張瑜珊，2002，“EIQ分析法在揀貨策略與儲位指派之應用”，高雄第一科技大學運輸倉儲營運所，碩士論文。
35. 陳妙禎，1994，“物流中心的訂單處理”，機械工業雜誌。
36. 陳志賢，1998，“物流供應鍊之整合度研究”，黎明學報，第十一卷，第一期。
37. 陳立穎，2001，“物流中心之人工揀貨區整體規劃與評估”，元智大學工業工程研究所，碩士論文。
38. 陳素芬，2000，“農產品網路超商LCFI儲位規劃效益評估”，台北科技大學生產系統工程與管理所，碩士論文。
39. 陳志豪，1998，“二次指派問題模式應用於物流中心儲位規劃之研究”，中華大學工業工程與管理研究所，碩士論文。
40. 曾裕茵，2003，“物流中心之訂單批次化與揀貨路徑問題探討”，中央大學工業管理研究所，碩士論文。
41. 游志雄與黃志剛，1997，“運用遺傳基因演算法則規劃人工揀貨作業區之儲位”，中國工業工程學會八十六年度年會論文集第一冊，第341-346頁。
42. 經濟部商業司，1996，“物流經營管理實務”，經濟部商業司，台北。
43. 劉浚明，1999，“實務教案：倉儲系統規劃技術”，第1-31頁。
44. 潘昭賢與林國傑，1997，“物流中心品項儲位指派之研究”，台灣科技大學工管所，碩士論文。
45. 董福慶、陳明德，1995年，物流中心揀貨作業，機械工業雜誌。
46. 錢尚璞，2003，“揀貨中心之儲位配置與揀貨策略的研究”，中央大學工業管理研究所，碩士論文。
47. 簡美珍、陳振明，“物流中心揀貨作業最佳儲位規劃”，1996國際商業物流管理研討會論文集，第330-338頁。