基樁負摩擦力影響因素之模型試驗｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	賴坤成 Kun-cheng Lai
論文名稱：	基樁負摩擦力影響因素之模型試驗 A study of influencing factors of negative skin friction by model test
指導教授：	黃俊鴻
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	122
中文關鍵詞：	中立點、負摩擦力、模型試驗、樁基礎
外文關鍵詞：	negative skin friction, model test, pile foundation, neutral plane
相關次數：	點閱：14 下載：0
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本研究主要是模擬基樁貫入軟弱土層中，受地表均佈荷載造成之負摩擦力行為。基樁承載方式主要是以點承樁型式為主，藉由比較不同之試驗參數與加載方式，觀察瞭解影響負摩擦力發展機制之各項因素。研究項目有(1)黏土層預壓密應力之影響；(2)有限均佈荷載面積大小之影響；(3)樁頭荷載與地表均佈荷載施加先後順序之影響；(4)薄層黏土壓縮層對負摩擦力之影響。
試驗結果得知，施加超載超過預壓密應力之地表沉陷量與負摩擦力均較未超過土體預壓密應力之情況大；有限均佈荷載試驗中，荷載面積較小時，中立點位置會較接近於土表，且其負摩擦力亦較小；荷載施加順序試驗中，以先加樁頭荷載再加地表均佈荷載會有較大之負摩擦力；薄壓縮層試驗中，發現樁底點承於砂土中，其上只要有一薄層黏土，就容易產生負摩擦力，且其總摩擦力大小視薄層黏土上部土層之摩擦強度而定。

This research is mainly to simulate behavior of negative skin friction by applying surface loading on the soft soil layer. The type of pile foundation is end bearing pile. By varying different test parameters and loading sequence. The factors influencing negative friction development have been observed. The research put focus on four influencing factors which are the pre-consolidation stress of clay, the area of loading, the order of applied loading and the existence of thin clay layer. Based on the test results, the surface settlement and the negative skin friction of NC clay are greater than those of OC clay. In case of loading of finite area, the neutral plane is more close to ground surface and the negative skin friction is smaller than that of one dimensional loading. The negative skin friction for the case of loading pile first and then applying surface load is larger than the case in a reverse loading order. The existence of thin clay layer above the bearing layer is more easily to develop negative friction and its value is dependent on the strength of soil layer above the thin clay layer.

摘要 .................................................................................................. I
ABSTRACT .................................................................................... II
誌謝 ............................................................................................... III
目錄 ............................................................................................... IV
圖目錄 ..........................................................................................VII
表目錄 ..........................................................................................XII
第一章 緒論 .................................................................................... 1
1-1 前言 ........................................................................................................... 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 ........................................................................................ 2
1-3 研究方法與流程 ........................................................................................ 3
1-4 論文架構.................................................................................................... 4
第二章 文獻回顧 ............................................................................ 5
2-1 樁土界面之摩擦性質 ................................................................................ 5
2-2 負摩擦力發生之機制 .............................................................................. 10
2-3 改善基樁負摩擦力之對策 ....................................................................... 12
2-4 基樁負摩擦力之估計 .............................................................................. 13
2-4-1 中立點位置之估計 ....................................................................... 14
2-4-2 單樁負摩擦力之推求 ................................................................... 15
2-5 基樁負摩擦力之研究回顧 ....................................................................... 19
2-5-1 現地詴驗 ....................................................................................... 19
2-5-2 室內模型詴驗 ............................................................................... 22
2-5-3 數值分析 ....................................................................................... 27
第三章 單樁負摩擦力模型詴驗 .................................................. 31
3-1 詴驗規劃與設計 ...................................................................................... 31
3-2 詴驗土樣.................................................................................................. 35
3-3 詴驗儀器與相關設備 .............................................................................. 36
3-3-1 模型計測樁 ................................................................................... 37
3-3-2 移動式霣降機 ............................................................................... 41
3-3-3 大型壓密儀與模型詴驗箱 ............................................................. 44
3-3-4 荷載施加設備 ............................................................................... 46
3-3-5 資料擷取系統 ............................................................................... 50
3-4 溫度效應.................................................................................................. 52
3-5 各式感測器校正 ...................................................................................... 54
3-6 詴驗方法.................................................................................................. 58
3-6-1 詴體製作 ....................................................................................... 58
3-6-2 模型樁之負摩擦力詴驗 ................................................................ 68
3-6-3 土體性質之相關詴驗 ................................................................... 70
第四章 詴驗結果與分析 .............................................................. 72
4-1 模型樁貫樁過程之受力反應 ................................................................... 72
4-2 貫樁完後靜置期間之受力反應 ................................................................ 75
4-3 施加超載下土壤壓密與負摩擦力發展 ................................................... 78
4-4 有限均佈荷載對負摩擦力發展的影響 ................................................... 86
4-5 地表荷載與樁頭荷載施加順序對負摩擦力發展的影響......................... 92
4-6 層狀土層中負摩擦力之發展 ................................................................... 96
第五章 結論與建議 .................................................................... 101
5-1 結論 ........................................................................................................101
5-2 建議 ........................................................................................................102
參考文獻 ..................................................................................... 103

                                

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