安全通訊之低偵測/截收率(LPD/I)性能模擬分析研究

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研究生：	許閎傑 Hong-Jie Shiu
論文名稱：	安全通訊之低偵測/截收率(LPD/I)性能模擬分析研究 Performance Simulation and Analysis of LPD/LPI for Secure Communications
指導教授：	蔡木金 Mu-King Tsay
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系 Department of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	91
中文關鍵詞：	展頻技術、安全通訊、低偵測率、衛星通訊
外文關鍵詞：	spread spectrum, TRANSEC, LPD, satellite communication
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
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近些年來由於個人行動通訊之需求及發展，各種廣域或區域之無線及有線軍/民用通訊系統，隨者相關電子及通訊產業技術之創新及突破而蓬勃發展。然而，為遂行特定戰術性作為或目的，尤其針對戰術性通訊系統而言，及為降低敵方意圖偵測及截收整個通訊系統之私密資訊傳送性能，安全之通訊系統普遍需具備低信號偵測及截收率(LPD/I)性能，以降低敵方之信號偵測及截收效益。因此，研究如何評估通訊系統之低偵測/截收率(Low Probability of Detection/ Interception)性能便是本論文之重要研究課題。

Due to the requirements and developments of personal mobile communications for the past several decades, all kinds of global and local wireless/wire and military/civil communications systems are developing flourishingly in accordance with the novelties and breakthrough of all related electronic and communication techniques.
Nevertheless, in order to fulfill specific tactical operations or objectives, especially for the tactical communications systems, and to decrease the intentions of the adversaries to detect and intercept the transmissions of some specified private information, secure communications systems should have the low probability of detection and interception capability to lower the probability of being detected and intercepted by the adversaries. Therefore, it’s a very important research topic of this thesis to evaluate the performance of low probability of detection and interception (LPD/I).

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION	1
1	MOTIVATIONS	1
2	OBJECTIVES	1
3	GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS	2
4	THESIS ORGANIZATION	3
CHAPTER 2 TRANSEC	5
1	GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS	5
2	GOALS OF EXPLOITATION SYSTEMS	8
3	LINK BUDGETS REVISIT	9
3.1	Transmitter	9
3.2	Receiver	11
3.3	Noise	11
3.4	GR/Te of a Receiver	13
3.5	The Media	13
3.6	Losses experienced in Line of Sight Links	16
3.7	Link Equations	18
4	TRANSEC PREVIEWS	18
4.1	Scenarios	18
4.2	Formulations	20
4.3	Simulations	22
CHAPTER 3 S2 MODULATION TECHNIQUES REVIEWS	26
1	GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS	26
2	FREQUENCY HOPPING	28
2.1	Transmitter Functions	28
2.2	Signal Properties	29
2.3	Receiver Functions	30
2.4	Signal Hiding Using Frequency Hopping	31
3	TIME HOPPING	32
3.1	Transmitter Functions	33
3.2	Signal Properties	33
3.3	Receiver Functions	34
3.4	Signal Hiding Using Time Hopping	35
4	DIRECT SEQUENCE	36
4.1	Transmitter Functions	36
4.2	Signal Properties	38
4.3	Receiver Functions	39
4.4	Signal Spreading Using Direct Sequence	40
4.5	The Signal Suppression Factor	41
5	OTHER LPE TECHNIQUES	43
6	CHARACTERISTICS OF SPREAD SPECTRUM TRANSEC SYSTEMS	45
6.1	Time Hopping, LPE systems	46
6.2	Frequency Hopping, LPE systems	47
6.3	Direct Sequence, LPE Systems	48
6.4	Hybrid, LPE Systems	49
CHAPTER 4 S2 SIGNALS DESIGNS AGAINST INTERCEPT RECEIVERS	50
1	OVERVIEW OF LINEAR RECEIVERS	51
1.1	Signal Detection in Noise	52
1.2	Feature Estimation in Noise	55
1.3	Message Recovery in Noise	56
2	DESIGNING FH SIGNALS TO COUNTER LINEAR RECEIVERS	58
2.1	Design to Minimize Coverage	58
2.2	Design to Minimize Detection	59
2.3	Design to Minimize Interception	60
2.4	Design to Minimize Exploitation	61
3	DESIGNING DS SIGNALS TO COUNTER LINEAR RECEIVERS	61
3.1	Design to Minimize Coverage	62
3.2	Design to Minimize Detection	62
3.3	Design to Minimize Intercept	63
3.4	Design to Minimize Exploitation	63
4	OVERVIEW OF NONLINEAR RECEIVERS	64
4.1	Signal Detection Using Nonlinear Receivers	64
4.2	Feature Extraction Using Nonlinear Receivers	67
5	DESIGNING FH SIGNALS TO COUNTER NONLINEAR DETECTION	69
6	DESIGNING DS SIGNALS TO COUNTER NONLINEAR DETECTION	69
CHAPTER 5 TRANSEC ANALYSIS AND SIMULATIONS	71
1	CONTOURS OF CONSTANT INTERCEPT SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO	71
1.1	Contours of Constant Intercept SNR	72
1.2	Simulation Results	74
2	LINE-OF-SIGHT FACTOR	76
3	SIGNAL DETECTION REQUIREMENTS	78
4	ANTENNA GAIN FACTOR	80
5	ANALYSIS OF LINEAR INTERCEPT RECEIVER	81
6	ANALYSIS OF NONLINEAR INTERCEPT RECEIVER	84
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS	88
REFERENCES	90

                                

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