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研究生： 陳怡君
I-chun Chen
論文名稱： 土壤對Triton 系列各EO鏈選擇性吸附之研究
Selective sorption of some nonionic surfactant by soils
指導教授： 李俊福
Jiunn-Fwu Lee
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 環境工程研究所
Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering
畢業學年度： 89
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 113
中文關鍵詞： 非離子界面活性劑 、高效率液相層析質譜儀 、環氧乙烷基 、分佈作用 、選擇性吸附
外文關鍵詞： nonionic surfactant, High Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectr
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    • 研究分別以三種不同性質的土壤(黏土、天然土壤與高有機質土)對含有不同EO鏈的非離子性界面活性劑(TX-100,TX-305,TX-405)分別進行吸附平衡實驗。對低極性的TX-100而言，吸附能力強的蒙特石呈現無選擇性的吸附結果；吸附能力較弱的高嶺土則容易吸附低EO鏈形成吸附性微胞。研究亦發現這兩種黏土對TX-305傾向於吸附高EO鏈的部份；TX-405則無選擇性吸附情形。天然土壤對Triton之吸附作用推測具有無機相吸附與有機質分佈兩種，其中紗帽山土對低極性TX-100的分佈作用較為明顯；而台中土則以大部分無機相吸附低EO鏈以形成吸附性微胞的方式與有機質分佈低EO鏈的作用為主，但這兩種天然土壤對高EO鏈的TX-305與TX-405吸附結果均比TX-100弱。含有高有機質土壤Ihss Florida Peat(I.F.P.)，其吸附低EO鏈的情形皆明顯大於高EO鏈，此結果係因為高有機質土IFP對低EO鏈有明顯的分佈作用。除了分佈作用外，IFP土壤中高極性的官能基對非離子界面活性劑中EO鏈組成具有氫鍵的作用，造成IFP對三種非離子界面活性劑的吸附量僅次於蒙特石。


    In this study, we investigated selective sorption behavior of ethoxylated nonionic surfactant mixtures by various soils with High Performance Liquid Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry technique. The sorption of TX-100 by Ca-Montmorillonite showed non-selective sorption behaviors. Among all surfactants tested, kaolin tended to sorption low EO groups for TX-100. On the other hand, clays preferred to adsorb higher EO groups for TX-305 and TX-405 . The result also indicated that low EO group surfactants are able to partition into the organic phase of Sao-Mao Hill soil and Tai-Chung soil. In addition to partition, we presumed that low EO nonionic surfactants formed admicelle on Tai-Chung soil surface. As a result, the absorption amount of surfactants on Tai-Chung soil was greater than that of Sao-Mao Hill soil. Since low EO group surfactants partitioning into the organic matter of Ihss Florida Peat (I.F.P.), the absorption capacity of TX-100 for I.F.P. was the greatest. A comparison of partitioning behavior, we also suggested that the hydrogen bond between the EO group of surfactants and function group of soil can enhance absorption capacity.

    目錄 圖目錄 表目錄 第一章 前言 1-1 研究緣起 1-2 研究目的與內容 第二章 文獻回顧 2-1 土壤組成與基本性質 2-2-1土壤組成 2-2-2 土壤基本性質 2-2非離子性界面活性劑 2-2-1非離子性界面活性劑種類 2-2-2 界面活性劑之基本特性 2-2-3非離子型界面活性劑之分析方法 2-3土壤吸持界面活性劑作用 2-3-1土壤吸持作用 2-3-2有機相之分佈作用 2-4 非離子性界面活性劑於土壤/水系統吸持行為 2-4-1土壤吸附界面活性劑的模式 2-4-2土壤吸附非離子性界面活性劑之影響因子 2-4-3土壤吸附非離子性界面活性劑 2-5非離子型界面活性劑對有機物分佈與傳輸之影響 第三章 實驗設備、材料、方法 3-1研究架構 3-2實驗設備 3-3實驗材料 3-3-1土樣 3-3-2非離子界面活性劑 3-3-3 移動相溶劑 3-4高效能液相層析/質譜分析非離子界面活性劑之方法 3-4-1系統平衡與調機. 3-4-2非離子型界面活性劑液相層析/質譜分析方法. 3-5非離子性界面活性劑於土壤/水系統之吸附實驗 第四章 結果與討論 4-1 Triton 系列之液相層析/質譜定量方法建立 4-1-1 Triton 系列之特徵質譜圖 4-1-2 Triton系列質譜定量方法建立 4-1-3 檢量線建立 4-2 土壤對各EO鏈選擇性吸附之影響因子探討 4-2-1土壤性質對EO鏈分佈的影響 4-2-1-1蒙特石之吸附結果 4-2-1-2高嶺土之吸附結果 4-2-1-3紗帽山土之吸附結果 4-2-1-4台中土之吸附結果 4-2-1-5 IFP之吸附結果 4-2-2 界面活性劑平衡濃度對土壤吸附Triton系列之影響 4-2-2-1 Triton X-100的吸附情形 4-2-2-2 Triton X-305的吸附情形 4-2-2-3 Triton X-405的吸附情形 4-2-3 EO鏈長短對土壤吸附Triton系列之影響 第五章 結論與建議 5-1 結論 5-2 建議 參考文獻

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