| 研究生: |
蕭卉蘋 Hui-Ping Hsiao |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
數位時代下之數位著作管理之探討-以合理使用為中心 The digital right magement in the digital age- focus on the fair use |
| 指導教授: |
單驥
GEE SAN 劉孔中 Chung-Jung Lee |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 產業經濟研究所 Graduate Institute of Industrial Economics |
| 畢業學年度: | 95 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 105 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 科技保護措施 、數位權利管理 、合理使用 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | fair use, digital right management, technical protection measures |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:21 下載:0 |
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科技和著作權的發展間一直有著相互影響的微妙關係。從印刷術的發明到數位科技的出現,著作權法為了因應新科技引起的新爭議而持續修正,不斷的面對究竟要將著作權的範圍擴大或縮小的選擇。數位科技的發展再加上網際網路科技之資源豐富、連接範圍廣泛、消除著作散布的地理距離障礙等特性,使著作可被隨意傳送、複製、儲存或下載。也因為網路上資訊的流通性驚人,網路使用者可自由的在網路上下載或上傳數位著作,對著作權法造成有史以來最嚴重的挑戰。
在網際網路和數位科技結合的時代下,著作利用人利用新科技,大量違法利用著作,著作權利人也因此逐漸失去對著作的控制能力,嚴重影響著作權利人個人的利益,此現象破壞了著作權法所欲維持之公益和私益平衡。為了遏止大量出現之侵權行為,數位權利管理機制也因此而產生,以加強權利人對著作的控制能力。但數位權利管理機制的運作,也產生了破壞合理使用原則、第一次銷售原則及公共領域之爭議。
本論文將證明數位權利管理機制,在數位時代下是不可或缺的著作管理工具,並且從合理使用原則的存在意義和內涵開始討論,證明數位權利管理機制並未破壞了合理使用原則,或損害了公共利益,而是因為新科技的出現,使合理使用原則的範圍和性質亦因隨之改變。數位權利管理機制不但可解決嚴重之侵權現象或著作權人控制力下降之問題,亦未侵害著作權法中之重要原則-合理使用,實為增進著作權利人個人利益、消除侵權行為,並且維持公、私益平衡之重要工具。
The development of technology and copyright has the specific and interactive relationships. Since the creation of the printing and appearance of the digital technology, the copyright has been continuous to be revised due to the new disputes form the new technology, in which involve the choices of enlargement or reduction of the copyright. The development of the digital technology and existence of the internet, which have the characteristics of the abundant resources, the huge contact range and shortening the geographic obstacles, make the possibility of transmission, copy, storage or download. And because of the great liquidity of the information, the abilities of the users to be free to download or to upload the digital works on line challenge the copyright law throughout history.
In the era of the combination of the internet and digital technology, the users offend against the law to cite the works with the new technology; therefore, the owners gradually lose their rights of the works, seriously influencing the owners’ benefits and destroying the balance of public and private interests maintained by the copyright law. For the reasons that restrain the infringement act, the digital right management has been occurred to strengthen the owners’ ability to control the works. But the exercises of the digital right management destroy the fair use, the first-sale doctrine and the argument of public domain.
This thesis proved that the digital right management is indispensable management tools in the digital age, and argued that the digital right management will not destroy the fair use or public interests from the angle of existence and meaning of the fair use. But the new technology changes the scope and property of the fair use. The digital right management not only solves the problems of infringement act and the reduction of owners’ control abilities, but also preserves the significant principle in the copyright law- fair use. It increases the owners’ benefits, eliminates the infringement act and maintains the balance of public and private interests.
中文文獻
一、書籍
Claude Menard,劉剛、馮健等譯,《制度、契約與組織-從新制度經濟學角度的透視》(Institutions, contracts and organizations),北京:經濟科學出版社,2003。
Lawrence Lessig,劉靜怡譯,《網路自由與法律》(Code and other laws of cyberspace),台北:商周,2002。
Paul Goldstein,葉茂林譯,《捍衛著作權》(Copyright’s highway),台北:五南,2000。
Siva Vaidhyanathan,陳宜君譯,《著作權保護了誰?》(copyright and copywrongs),台北:商周,2003。
胡春田,巫和懋,霍德明,熊秉元,《經濟學2000上冊》,台北:雙葉,1996。
張清溪,許嘉棟,劉鶯釧,吳聰敏,《經濟學理論與實務上冊》,台北:雙葉,1993。
賴文智,數位著作權法,台北:益思科技法律事務所,2003。
謝登隆,個體經濟理論與應用,台北:智勝,2000。
羅明通,《著作權法論I》,台北:三民,2002。
羅明通,《著作權法論II》,台北:三民,2002。
羅明通,《著作權法論II》,台北:台英商務法律事務所,2005。
二、期刊、論文、研究報告
古詩婷,《著作權法上之科技保護措施和規避行為:國際規範之比較研究》,國立台灣大學法律學研究所碩士論文,2005。
司徒嘉恆,《數位權利管理系統的法律與經濟分析》,國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文,2003。
吳俊幟,《論科技保護措施與反規避條款-以美國DMCA為核心》,國立清華大學科技法律研究所碩士論文,2003。
宋怡青,《網路社會數位著作近用權之探討-以美國科技保護措施之立法為例》,中正大學電訊傳播研究所碩士論文,2004。
李漢銘、羅正棠,〈我國數位內容著作管理、授權及交易流通機制之探討〉,《檔案季刊》,2004。
汪渡村,〈論網際網路時代著作權法因應之道-以合理使用制度為中心〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,2004。
陳佑寰,《著作技術保護措施之法規範-從分散式重製著作之多元管制談起》,台大法律學研究所碩士論文,2000。
陳帝利,《論科技保護措施與線上契約-以著作使用人合理使用之影響為中心》,逢甲大學財經法律研究所碩士論文,2004。
陳柏如,《數位時代著作權集體管理之研究》,國立台灣大學法律學研究所碩士論文,2001。
陳家駿,《著作權科技保護措施之研究》,經濟部智慧財產局委託研究,2004。
章忠信,〈九十三年新修正著作權法之析疑〉,《萬國法律》,2005
章忠信,〈著作權法制中「科技保護措施」與「權利管理資訊」之探討〉,《萬國法律》,2000。
馮震宇,〈知識經濟時代之智慧財產權問題與挑戰〉,《經社法制論叢》,2002。
馮震宇,〈論美國DMCA反規避條款之規定與檢討〉,《智慧財產權》,2001。
黃怡騰,《著作權法上合理使用原則之研究》,國立政治大學法律學研究所博士論文,1996。
楊大廣,〈數位權利管理的市場趨勢及科技展望〉,《智慧財產權管理季刊》,2002。
葉茂林,《國際組織關於著作權集體管理實務》,經濟部智慧財產局委託,2004。
劉孔中,〈從著作權共同管理之發展趨勢檢討我國著作權共同管理團體之法制〉,《全國律師》,2006。
劉孔中,〈著作權法有關技術保護措施規定之研究〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,第119期,2005。
劉孔中,〈論建立資訊時代公共領域之重要性及具體建議〉,《台大法學論叢》,第三十五卷第五期(出版中)。
劉志鵬、謝銘洋,《著作權數位產業市場授權之研究》,經濟部智慧財產局委託研究,2005。
蔡雅雯,《大學圖書館的複印授權與著作權仲介團體之研究》,淡江大學資訊與圖書館學系碩士論文,2002。
賴文智、劉承愚,《數位科技對著作權授權契約及合理使用範圍之影響之研究》,經濟部智慧財產局委託,2002。
嚴裕欽,《著作財產權之限制-以美國著作權法合理使用為中心》,台灣基隆地方法院檢察署,1997。
三、網路資料
財團法人台灣網路資訊公司 http://www.twnic.net.tw/ibnews.php (2006/09/07)
章忠信,著作權法制中「科技保護措施」與「權利管理資訊之探討」, http://www.copyrightnote.org/paper.htm
章忠信,著作權保護、科技發展與合理使用-談新著作權法關於合理使用的已然與未然, http://www.copyrightnote.org/(2006/11/10)
著作權法修正案背景說明http://www.tipo.gov.tw/copyright/copyright_news/copyright_changelaw_23.asp
英文文獻
一、書籍
FICSOR,Collective management of copyright and related rights,WIPO, 2002.
Gillian Davies, Copyright and the public interest, London: Sweet & Maxwell,2002.
Gillian Davies, Copyright and the public interest, London Sweet & Maxwell, 2002.
Kenneth D. Crews, Copyright, Fair use, and the Challenge for Universities-Promoting the progress of higher education, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1993.
Lee Wilson, Fair use, free use and use by permission- How to handle copyrights in all media, NY: Allworth press 2005.
Mihaly Fiscsor, The law of copyright and the internet-The 1996 WIPO Treaties, their interpretation and implementation, NY: Oxford University press, 2002.
Robert Burrell and Allison Coleman, Copyright exceptions-The digital impact, NY: Cambridge University press, 2005.
William Rosenblatt, William Trippe, and Stephen Mooney, Digital rights management –Business and technology, NY : M & T Books, 2002.
二、期刊論文
Alice Ritchie,“Hanging in the balance: Fair use for digital work”, 9 U. Balt. Intell. Prop. L.J. 29, 2000.
Beth A. Thomas, “Internet & technology: Solutions are on track: Digital file sharing spun in a positive light”, 6 Vand. J. Ent. L. & Prac. 129, 2003.
Christina Bohannan,“Reclaiming copyright”, 23 Cardozo Arts & Ent. L.J. 567, 2006.
Christopher D. Kruger,“Passing the global test: DMCA §1201 as an international model for transitioning copyright law into the digital age”, 28 Hous. J. Int''l L. 281, 2006.
Dan L. Burk, Julie E. Cohen, “Fair use infrastructure for rights management systems”, 15 Harv. J.L. & Tech. 41, 2001.
David Nimmer, “A riff on fair use in the digital millennium copyright act”, 148 U. Pa. L. Rev. 673, 2000.
Eleanor M. Lackman, “Slowing Down the Speed of Sound: A Transatlantic Race to Head off Digital”, 13 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 1161, 2003.
Mauricio Espana,“The fallacy that fair use and information should be provided for free: An analysis of the responses to the DMAC’s section 1201”, 31 Fordham Urb. L. J. 135 , 2003.
Nicola Lucchi , “Intellectual property rights in digital media : A comparative analysis of legal protection, technological measures, and new business models under EU and U.S. law”,53 Buff. L. Rev. 1111 , 2005.
R. Anthony Reese, “Will merging access controls and rights controls undermine the structure of anticircumvention law?”, 18 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 619, 2003.
Tom W. Bell, “Fair use vs. fared use: The impact of automated rights management on copyright’s fair use doctrine”, l, 76 N. Carolina L. Rev. 557, 1998.
Wendy J. Gordon,“Fair use as market failure : A structural and economic analysis of the Betmax case and its predecessors”, 82 Colum. L. Rev. 1600, 1982.
William W. Fisher III,“Reconstructing the fair use doctrine”, 101 Harv. L. Rev. 1659, 1998.
三、網路資料
Andre Kerever, European Directive on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001243/124395e.pdf#page=4 (2006/10/30)
Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001. http://europa.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexapi!prod!CELEXnumdoc&numdoc=32001L0029&model=guichett&lg=en (2006/10/25)
Directive 2001/29/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society, Official journal of the European communities , 22.6.2001. http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2001/l_167/l_16720010622en00100019.pdf, (2006/08/09)
http://financenews.sina.com/sinacn/304-000-106-109/2006-08-21/0212203999.html (2006/09/07)
Jacqueline Lipton, The DRM dilemma: Re-Aligning rights under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, http://ssrn.com/abstract=681479 (2006/09/10)
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, http://www.copyright.gov/legislation/dmca.pdf (2006/10/26).
U. S. Copyright Law, http://www.copyright.gov/title17/ (2006/10/27).
WCT Contracting Parties, http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&treaty_id=16(2006/10/24.)
What is the fair use, http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-a.html ( 2006/11/27)
What is the internet, the World Wide Web, and Netscape? http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/WhatIs.html (2006/10/17)
WIPO, Collective management of copyright and related rights, WIPO Publication No. L450CM/E. http://www.wipo.int/freepublications/en/copyright/450/wipo_pub_l450cm.pdf (2006/05/20)
WIPO, Copyright on the internet: Risks and opportunities for authors and composers, WIPO/CCM/MCT/03/1, http://www.wipo.int/arab/en/meetings/2003/wipo_ccm_mct/pdf/wipo_ccm_mct_03_1.pdf (2006/06/12)
WIPO, Current developments in the field of digital rights management, SCCR/10/2, http://www.wipo.int/documents/en/meetings/2003/sccr/doc/sccr_10_2.doc (2006/05/11)
WIPO, Electronic commerce and copyright: A key role for WIPO, ACMC/2/1, http://www.wipo.int/documents/en/meetings/1999/acmc/2_1-01.htm (2006/08/27)
WIPO, Intellectual property on the internet: A survey of issues, WIPO/INT/02, 2002. http://www.wipo.int/copyright/ecommerce/en/pdf/survey.pdf (2006/05/11)
WIPO, Regional workshop for countries of ASIA and the PACIFIC on the WIPO internet treaties and electronic commerce, WIPO/CR/EC/MNL/01/3, 2001. http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/wipo_cr_ec_mnl_01/wipo_cr_ec_mnl_01_3.pdf (2006/04/20)
WIPO, WIPO Intellectual Property Handbook: Policy, Law and Use, WIPO Publication No.489 (E), 2004. http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/iprm/ (2006/10/24)
WIPO, WIPO Patent cooperation treaty, PCT/GL/ERM/1 Prov. http://www.wipo.int/pct-safe/electronic_filing/docs/gl-erm-1prov.pdf. (2006/04/20)
WPPT Contracting Parties, http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&treaty_id=20(2006/10/24)