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研究生： 賴聖哲
Sheng-che Lai
論文名稱： 軟硬實力對供應鏈整合之影響
The Impact of Soft and Hard Skills on Supply Chain Integration and Performance
指導教授： 王存國
Eric T.G. Wang
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 資訊管理學系
Department of Information Management
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 70
中文關鍵詞： 軟實力 、硬實力 、供應鏈整合 、跨組織系統整合
外文關鍵詞： Soft Skill, Hard Skill, Supply Chain Integration, Interorganizational Systems (IOS)
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    • 現在的商業環境變得越來越競爭，企業要生存在這樣的環境下是不容易的。許多公司嘗試找到一些方法來保持其競爭優勢，花了很多時間及金錢來維持公司的成長。Waterman et al. (1980) 認為一個成功的企業應該要有兩種必要的因子，軟性因子及硬性因子，也可稱為「軟實力」和「硬實力」。在工作的領域中，「硬實力」是技術性的能力並且可能直接影響公司的核心業務 (Coates, 2006)。「軟實力」的概念則是來自於Joseph Nye (1990)提出的一本著作中Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power.。這些技能通常是在個人的層次被討論，但其實軟硬實力在組織層次上也是很重要的 (Bhanot, 2009)。在供應鏈的環境中，人們關心的是如何才能透過供應鏈整合產生績效，這是研究人員及企業執行者都非常關注的議題。本研究中，我們探討企業及其供應商之間跨組織系統和流程的整合及它們產生的績效。嘗試從「人」的觀點找出影響供應鏈整合的前因。我們將檢驗軟硬實力是否作為供應鏈整合的驅動因子。本研究以台灣製造業為研究樣本。從270個回收樣本中得到的研究結果顯示：(1)「軟硬實力」有利於產生「供應鏈績效」，但必須透過供應鏈整合(跨組織系統整合及流程整合)和協同合作 (2)「跨組織系統整合」對於「流程整合」有正向影響進而產生「供應鏈績效」；(3)「協同合作」對於「供應鏈整合」及「供應商績效」有正向影響效果。

    Business scenario is becoming more and more competitive and it is not easy to survive in such difficult environment. Many companies try to find some ways to keep their competitive advantage. They spent a lot of time and money to sustain their company’s growth. Waterman et al (1980) suggested that a successful company should have two types of factors – “hard” and “soft” elements. It can also call “hard skills” and “soft skills.” In the world of work, “hard skills” are technical or administrative procedures related to an organization’s core business (Coates, 2006). The concept of soft skills is come from soft power. Joseph Nye of Harvard University made the phrase of soft power in a 1990 book, “Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power.” People usually discuss these skills in individual level. Soft and hand skills are crucial not just for an individual but also that of the company (Bhanot, 2009). In the supply chain context, what people concern about is how to generate performance. Supply chain integration is widely attracted attention by both practitioners and researchers. In this study, we investigate the integrations of both interorganizational system (IOS) and process between supply chain partners and their effect on performance. To find the antecedents of supply chain integration which facilitate IOS and process integration in human perspective. Specifically, we examine soft skills, hard skills and collaboration as the driver of the supply chain integration. Data were collected from 270 IT managers in manufacturing organizations in Taiwan. We find that soft and hard skill contributes to supply chain performance through supply chain integration and collaboration. Our results suggest that integrated IOS enable firms to develop the higher process integration, in turn lead to significant supply chain performance. The results also support collaboration is significantly associated with supply chain integration.

    中文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 致謝 III CONTENTS IV LIST OF FIGURES VII LIST OF TABLES VIII 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATIONS 1 1.2 RESEARCH PURPOSES AND QUESTIONS 3 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 2.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND 4 2.1.1 Soft skills 4 2.1.2 Hard skills 6 2.1.3 Collaboration 7 2.1.4 IOS Integration 8 2.1.5 Process Integration 9 2.1.6 Supply Chain Performance 10 3 RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES 12 3.1 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK 12 3.2 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 12 3.2.1 Soft skills and supply chain integration 12 3.2.2 Hard skills and supply chain integration 14 3.2.3 Collaboration and Supply Chain Integration 15 3.2.4 Collaboration and supply chain performance 16 3.2.5 IOS integration and process integration in supply chain 17 3.2.6 IOS integration and supply chain performance 18 3.2.7 Process integration and supply chain performance 19 3.2.8 Soft skills and collaboration 20 4 METHODS 22 4.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 22 4.2 PROCEDURE OF QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN 22 4.3 CONSTRUCTS DEFINITION AND OPERATIONALIZATION 23 4.3.1 Soft skill 24 4.3.2 Hard skills 25 4.3.3 Collaboration 25 4.3.4 IOS Integration 26 4.3.5 Process Integration 27 4.3.6 Supply Chain Performance 27 4.3.7 Control variables 28 4.4 DATA ANALYSIS METHODS 29 4.4.1 Descriptive statistics 29 4.4.2 Validity 30 4.4.3 Reliability 31 4.4.4 Hypothesis testing 31 5 RESULT 32 5.1 RESPONSE RATE 32 5.2 SAMPLE DEMOGRAPHICS 32 5.3 MEASUREMENT MODEL 34 5.4 STRUCTURAL MODEL 37 6 CONCLUSION 41 6.1 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS 41 6.1.1 Influence of soft and hard skills on supply chain integration 41 6.1.2 Collaboration is positively associated with IOS integration, process integration and supply chain performance. 42 6.1.3 Influence of supply chain integration on supply chain performance 42 6.2 CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 43 6.3 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 44 6.3.1 Research limitations 44 6.3.2 Future research directions 44 REFERENCES 46 APPENDIX 55

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